川楝子作为传统中药，广泛应用于驱虫，是天然的杀虫剂。川楝子化学成分丰富，主要含有柠檬苦素型三萜、木脂素、黄酮、甾体、有机酸等成分，其具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌、消炎镇痛、抗病毒、驱虫等广泛的药理作用，但由于川楝子有肝毒性、妊娠毒性等使其应用受到一定的限制。对川楝子的化学成分、药理作用和毒性研究进展进行综述，为其进一步的开发研究和临床应用提供科学依据。

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Melia toosendan is widely used as a natural deworming agent. M. toosendan is rich in chemical components, incluing limonoid-type triterpenes, lignans, flavonoids, steroids, organic acids and so on. Its pharmacological activities are mainly anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, antiviral, deworming. The application of M. toosendan is limited due to its hepatotoxicity, pregnancy toxicity and so on. In this paper, the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and toxicity of M. toosendan were reviewed, which will provide scientific basis for its further development research and clinical application.

R282.71

国家自然科学基金重点项目（81630097）；热毒宁注射液标准化建设（ZYBZH-C-JS-31）