目的 采用Box-Behnken响应面法优化白及多糖（BSP）/聚乙烯醇（PVA）湿法纺丝工艺，制备复合纤维，并进行结构表征及性能评价。方法 以纤维的断裂强力、断裂强度和断裂伸长率3个力学性能数据的总评归一值为评价指标，对BSP质量分数、PVA质量分数、BSP/PVA体积混合比、凝固时间和纺丝速度5个因素进行单因素考察。在单因素考察的基础上，对BSP质量分数、BSP/PVA体积混合比和凝固时间3个因素进行响应面设计，优化BSP/PVA复合纤维的纺丝工艺。通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、差示量热扫描、吸湿性测试，表征和分析纤维的形貌与结构、热学性能、吸湿性能。以盐酸小檗碱（BH）作为模型药物，评价复合纤维的载药性能及载药纤维的抗菌活性。结果 最佳纺丝工艺为BSP质量分数7.5%，BSP/PVA体积混合比1：1，凝固时间3 min。复合纤维的表面致密，内部形成三维网状结构，产生分子间作用力，热/力学性能增强，吸湿性能表现优良。复合纤维载药包封率达70.2%，载药纤维在抑菌圈测试中形成明显的抑菌圈，对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌具有良好的抑菌效果。结论 优化的纺丝工艺可行、成本低廉，制备的BSP/PVA复合纤维具有较好的物理性能，且具有一定包载能力，其在生物医用纺织品领域的应用值得进一步研究。

Objective To optimize Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)/polyvinylalcohol (PVA) wet spinning process by Box-Behnken response surface method and prepare the composite fiber and performe their structural characterization and performance evaluation. Methods Taking the OD value of three types of mechanical property data (breaking force, breaking strength and elongation at break) of the fiber as the evaluation index, five factors (BSP mass fraction, PVA mass fraction, volumetric mix ratio of BSP/PVA, coagulation time and spinning speed) were investigated by single factor experiments. On the basis of the results of single factor experiments, three factors (BSP mass fraction, volumetric mix ratio of BSP/PVA, coagulation time) were investigated by response surface method to optimize BSP/PVA composite fiber wet spinning process. The morphology, structure, thermal property, and absorption property of the fibers were characterized and analyzed by SEM, IR, DSC, and water absorption test. Berberine hydrochloride (BH) was used as model drug to evaluate the drug loading property of the composite fiber and antibacterial activity of the drug loading fiber. Results The optimal spinning process of composite fiber were as follows: BSP mass fraction was 7.5%, volume mixing ratio of BSP/PVA was 1∶1 and coagulation time was 3 min. The composite fiber had a dense surface and formed a three-dimensional network structure inside, generated intermolecular forces, which enhanced the thermal and mechanical properties, and exhibited excellent water absorption capacity. The encapsulation efficiency of the composite fiber reached 70.2%. And the drug loading fiber formed obvious inhibition zone in the bacteriostatic zone test, which presented excellent antibacterial effect against E. coli and S. aureus. Conclusion The optimized spinning process is feasible and low cost. The prepared composite fiber has better physical property and certain coating ability, and its application in the field of biomedical textiles is worth further study.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1700705）；四川省留学人员科技活动项目择优资助经费计划（2018-68）；四川省重点研发计划（2019YFS0174）；西南民族大学国家级大学生创新项目（S201910656059）