目的 研究人参Panax ginseng根中的皂苷类成分。方法 采用70%乙醇水温和冷浸提取，醋酸乙酯与正丁醇萃取，D101大孔吸附树脂和反相硅胶柱色谱以及半制备HPLC等手段分离纯化，根据高分辨质谱、一维与二维NMR数据等鉴定化合物结构。结果 从人参根醇提物中分离鉴定1个新的齐墩果酸型四糖皂苷（1）与19个已知人参皂苷化合物（2～20）。化合物1鉴定为齐墩果酸-3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸基]-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，命名为人参皂苷Ro₁（1），19个已知人参皂苷分别鉴定为三七皂苷FP₁（2）、人参皂苷Re₃（3）、三七皂苷Rt（4）、20-O-葡萄糖基人参皂苷Rf（5）、人参皂苷Re₂（6）、人参皂苷Rg₂（7）、人参皂苷Ra₂（8）、人参皂苷Rb₁（9）、人参皂苷Rc（10）、人参皂苷Ra₁（11）、丙二酰人参皂苷Rb₁（12）、丙二酰人参茎叶皂苷Rd₅（13）、丙二酰人参皂苷Rc（14）、人参皂苷Ro（15）、人参皂苷Rd（16）、人参皂苷F₂（17）、20（R）-人参皂苷Rh₂（18）、人参皂苷F₃（19）、人参皂苷F₁（20）。结论 化合物1为1个新化合物，化合物2为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Objective To systematically investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Panax ginseng. Methods Mild cold-soaked extraction by 70% aqueous ethanol, successive solvent extraction by ethyl acetate and n-butanol, column chromatography by D101 macroporous absorption resin and reversed-phase silica gel, and semi-preparative HPLC, were used for compounds isolation and purification, while high-resolution mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR data were analyzed for compounds identification. Results A new oleanolic acid tetraglycoside (1) and 19 known ginsenosides (2—20) were isolated and identified. Compound 1 was identified as oleanolic acid 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, named ginsenoside Ro₁ (1). The 19 known ginsenosides were notoginsenoside FP₁ (2), ginsenoside Re₃ (3), notoginsenoside Rt (4), 20-O-glucosyl ginsenoside Rf (5), ginsenoside Re₂ (6), ginsenoside Rg₂ (7), ginsenoside Ra₂ (8), ginsenoside Rb₁ (9), ginsenoside Rc (10), ginsenoside Ra₁ (11), malonylginsenoside Rb₁ (12), malonylfloralginsenoside Rd₅ (13), malonylginsenoside Rc (14), ginsenoside Ro (15), ginsenoside Rd (16), ginsenoside F₂ (17), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh₂ (18), ginsenoside F₃ (19) and ginsenoside F₁ (20). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound. Compound 2, notoginsenoside FP₁, is isolated from this plant for the first time.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金面上项目（81872996）