[关键词]
[摘要]
槟榔Areca catechu位列我国名贵的“四大南药”之首，至今已有1 800多年药用历史，且临床应用广泛。槟榔的药理作用多集中在驱虫、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗动脉粥样硬化和对消化系统、神经系统的作用上。近年来，食用槟榔致口腔癌事件等安全问题发生，而药用槟榔与食用槟榔的主要化学成分均为槟榔碱，药用槟榔的临床安全性遭受质疑。基于化学成分剖析槟榔药理/毒理作用特点，探讨其临床应用注意事项，以期为槟榔临床安全合理用药提供参考依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Areca catechu ranks the first of China's precious "four southern medicines", with a history of more than 1 800 years of medicinal use and extensive clinical application. The pharmacological effects of A. catechu mainly focus on insect repellent, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-atherosclerosis and the effects on digestive system and nervous system. In recent years, safety problems such as oral cancer caused by consumption of A. catechu have been frequently reported, and the main chemical components of both medicinal and edible A. catechu are arecoline, so the clinical safety of medicinal A. catechu has been questioned. Based on the chemical composition, this paper analyzes the pharmacological and toxicological characteristics of A. catechu, discusses the points for attention in clinical application, in order to provide a reference basis for the clinical safe and rational use of A. catechu.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目（81673618）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81403152）；教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（20120013130002）；教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（20130013120001）；中华医学会临床药学分会-吴阶平基金会青年基金项目（LCYX-Q025）
