蒽醌及其衍生物是植物体内十分重要的次级代谢产物，具有光保护、提高植物抗病性等多种功能，同时在医药、化工等领域也具有十分重要的应用。如何高效、快速地获得蒽醌类物质、提高植物体内蒽醌类物质的合成效率，已经成为现代合成生物学的研究热点。然而蒽醌类物质合成途径较为复杂，目前普遍认为在植物体内蒽醌类物质是通过莽草酸/邻琥珀酰苯甲酸途径和聚酮途径形成。综述近年来在植物体内莽草酸/邻琥珀酰苯甲酸途径和聚酮途径合成蒽醌母核结构的研究进展，为研究植物体内蒽醌类代谢物的合成与调控提供一定的理论基础。

Anthraquinone and its derivatives are very important secondary metabolites in plants. They have many functions such as photoprotection and improvement of plant disease resistance. They also have very important applications in the fields of medicine and chemical engineering. Efficiently and quickly obtaining anthraquinones and improving the synthesis efficiency of anthraquinones in plants have become one of the research focuses of modern synthetic biology. However, the synthetic pathway of anthraquinones is more complicated. At present, it is generally believed that anthraquinones are formed in plants by the shikimic acid/o-succinylbenzoic acid pathway and polyketone pathway. This article focuses on the recent research advances in the skeleton synthesis of anthraquinone via shikimic acid/o-succinylbenzoic acid pathway and polyketone pathway in plants, and provides a certain theoretical basis for studying the synthesis and regulation of anthraquinone metabolites in plants.

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国家重点研发课题（2017YFD0201402）；国家中医药管理局中药标准化研究项目（ZYBZH-Y-GS-11）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81803653）；天津市科技计划项目（19YFZCSY00170）；天津市北辰区科技创新专项（KJCX-CXY-2019-13）；大学生创新创业训练计划（201910069007，201910069102）；甘肃省现代农业中药材产业体系首席专家（GARS-ZYC-1）；甘肃省科技创新劵（V20198TA0459）