目的 对蕤仁药材Prinsepiae Nux的性状、微性状及显微鉴别特征进行系统研究，为其鉴定以及《中国药典》2020年版的制定提供科学依据。方法 采用性状鉴别法、微性状鉴别法、常规显微鉴别法及偏振光显微鉴别法，对12批蕤核Prinsepia uniflora和9批齿叶扁核木P.uniflora Batal.var.serrata Rehd.果核进行系统的生药学研究。结果 从形状、大小、颜色、表面特征、质地、断面、气、味等方面，对蕤核及齿叶扁核木果核的性状特征进行观察。针对质地坚硬、经软化处理后仍不适宜制备横切片以观察完整植物组织构造并确定组织部位的药材，采用定位取材徒手切片技术，可准确获取特定部位的植物组织显微特征；针对木化组织集成较大群束，经粉碎后难以呈现单个细胞完整形态特征的药材，采用解离组织制片技术，可获取清晰、完整无重叠的单个细胞全貌及特征信息。结论 首次获取了蕤仁显微鉴别特征（内果皮石细胞、种皮表皮细胞、中果皮纤维、内胚乳细胞、子叶细胞）及微性状鉴别特征（内果皮、子叶、种皮）的全息彩色影像数据。显微特征中内果皮石细胞可作为蕤仁的专属性显微鉴别标志物，显微和微性状鉴别研究结果填补了彩色影像信息的空白。

Objective To provide scientific evidence for the identification of Prinsepiae Nux by observing the characteristics and microscopic characteristics, which may be of relevance to the compilation of 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Methods The pharmacognosy of fruit core from 12 batches of P. uniflora and nine batches of P. uniflora var. serrata were studied by character identification, micro-morphological identification, conventional microscopic identification and polarized light microscopic identification. Results From the shape, size, color, surface characteristics, texture, cross-section, qi, taste and other aspects, the characteristics of pupae and dentate wood were observed and studied. For the hard texture and after the softening treatment, it is still not suitable to prepare cross-sections to observe the complete plant tissue structure and determine the medicinal material of the tissue site. Using free-hand slicing technology of positioning and taking materials can accurately obtain the microscopic characteristics of plant tissue in specific parts; A medicinal material that integrates a large group of bundles and is difficult to show the complete morphological characteristics of a single cell after pulverization. Using dissociated tissue filming technology, it is possible to obtain clear, complete, and non-overlapping single cell full-spectrum and characteristic information. Conclusion Micro-morphological characteristics (endocarp,cotyledon and seed coat)were obtained for the first time. the results of microscopic identification and micro-morphological identification fill in the blank of color image information. Stone cells of endocarp can be used as specific markers for microscopic identifying Prinsepiae Nux.

R286.12

国家重点研发计划重点专项项目（2018YFC1707900）；国家药典委员会—；补充和完善显微鉴别—；丁公藤等40种中药的显微鉴别（2018Z002）