目的 获得鲜三七和干三七菌群结构信息。方法 以鲜三七和干三七为研究材料，利用Illumina MiSeq平台，采用高通量测序并进行数据分析。结果 鲜三七和干三七共获得637个操作分类单元（OTUs），其中15个OTU为共有，鲜三七和干三七特有的OTU数量分别为484、123个。新鲜三七中占比较大的菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria，59.7%）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes，40.1%）；干三七中占比较高的菌门为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes，99.8%）。鲜三七中占比较大的菌属为肠杆菌属（Enterobacter，37.4%）、嗜碱菌属（Alkaliphilus，11.5%）；干三七中占比较大的菌属是芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus，54.6%），类芽孢杆菌（Paenibaciiius，44.9%）。KEGG功能预测表明干三七的萜类化合物和聚酮类化合物代谢功能菌群的相对丰度高于鲜三七。结论 鲜三七菌群多样性高于干三七；干三七中的萜类化合物和聚酮类化合物代谢功能菌群丰富度高于鲜三七，这为三七发酵皂苷菌株筛选提供了重要参考。

Objective The purpose of this study was to obtain the bacterial communities structures of fresh and dry Panax notoginseng. Methods The bacterial were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology, and the biological information was analyzed. Results A total of 637 OTUs were obtained, of which 15 were in common, 484 were from fresh P. notoginseng and 123 were from dry P. notoginseng respectively. The larger phylum of fresh sample was Proteobacteria (59.7%) and Firmicutes (40.1%) while the dry sample were Firmicutes (99.8%). The main genus of fresh sample was Enterobacter (37.4%) and Alkaliphilus (11.5%), while dry sample were Bacillus (54.6%) and Paenibaciiius (44.9%). The functional prediction of KEGG showed that the population of bacteria metabolizing terpenoids and polyketones of dry sample was higher than that of fresh sample. Conclusion The diversity of microbiota in fresh P. notoginseng was higher than that of dry sample; The species with the metabolic function of interpenoids and polyketones of dry P. notoginseng was higher than that of fresh sample, which provides an important reference for screening the microorganism for biotransformation of saponins in P. notoginseng.

河南省教育厅重点科研项目：三七内生菌分离筛选及其在药渣皂苷生物合成中的应用（19A180031）