目的 建立石斛7种化学成分反相高效液相色谱-紫外光谱（RP-HPLC-UV）检测方法，探寻21种石斛属植物中的化学成分组成差异联系，为石斛质量控制和资源开发提供参考。方法 采用Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪，XDB-C₁₈色谱柱，进样量5 μL，根据不同化学成分选择流动相，采用SPSS 20.0软件进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果 21种石斛中7种化学成分组成及含量差异明显，有10种石斛未检测出毛兰素，其余11种石斛种质中鼓槌石斛的毛兰素量显著高于其他种；12种石斛未检测出槲皮素，11种石斛未检测出没食子酸，4种石斛未检测出香草醛，1种石斛未检测出柚皮素，21种石斛均检测出丁香酸和香豆素成分，其中以尖刀唇石斛香豆素含量显著高于其他种；通过主成分分析显示21种石斛化学成分在三维空间分布散乱，在类间距离为5左右时才能将21种石斛聚为6类，因此不同的石斛种在这7种化学成分组成及含量上存在明显区别，在使用这7种成分表征药理药效功能时不同石斛应当区别对待。结论 建立的RP-HPLC-UV法检测7种化学成分能在石斛质量控制以及不同种质资源开发策略方面提供参考。

Objective The RPLC-UV detection method of seven chemical components was established, and the difference of 21 species of Dendrobium were identified, with aim to provide reference for the quality control and resource development of Dendrobium. Methods Agilent 1200 UPLC was performed on a XDB-C₁₈ chromatographic column with the sample size of 5 μL, the flow phase was selected according to different chemical components, and SPSS20.0 software was used for principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Results The composition and content of seven chemical compositions of 21 species of Dendrobium were significant. No erianin was detected in 10 kinds of species, and the content of erianin of D. chrysotoxum in the other 11 species was significantly higher than others, quercetin was undetected in 12 species, gallic acid was undetected in 11 species, vanillin was undetected in four species, naringenin was undetected in one specie, but syringic acid and coumarin were detected in all 21 species of Dendrobium. Among them, coumarin of D. heterocarpum was significantly higher than the others. According to the principal component analysis, 21 species of Dendrobium were scattered in 3D spatial distribution, and it could be grouped into six types at the distance of 5. Therefore, different Dendrobium had obvious differences in the composition and content of these seven chemical compositions, and different Dendrobium should be treated differently when using these seven components to characterize pharmacodynamic functions. Conclusion The establishment of RPLC-UV method can provide reference for the quality control of Dendrobium and the development strategies of different germplasm resources.

四川农业大学本科生科研兴趣培养计划项目