目的 研究辣木Moringa oleifera中的木脂素类和萜类化学成分。方法 采用各种柱色谱与高效液相色谱相结合的方法进行分离纯化，通过波谱数据鉴定化合物结构；分别采用MTT法、PNPG法和Ellman比色法对化合物的抗肿瘤活性、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性及乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性进行测试。结果 从辣木韧皮部的乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部分共分离得到12个化合物，包括8个木脂素类和4个萜类化合物，分别鉴定为落叶松树脂醇（1）、3-（α，4-二羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲基）-4-（羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲基）四氢呋喃（2）、（7S，8R）-二氢去氢二愈创木基醇（3）、麦迪奥脂素（4）、二乙基松脂（5）、松脂醇（6）、楝叶吴萸素B（7）、愈创木基甘油-β-O-4'-二氢松柏醇（8）、三环蛇麻二醇（9）、9α-羟基-2β-甲氧基丁烷（10）、3β-羟基-齐墩果-11，13（18）-二烯-28-羧酸（11）和齐墩果酸（12）。活性测试结果表明，化合物12具有较明显的抑制BEL-7402和SGC-7901细胞增殖的作用，化合物1和2具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结论 化合物1~11均为首次从辣木属植物中分离得到，辣木具有开发成抗肿瘤和糖尿病功能产品的潜力。

Objective To study lignans and terpenes of Moringa oleifera Lam. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic techniques and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The structures of the compounds were identified through the combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence. The antineoplastic activity, α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of compounds were evaluated by MTT method, PNPG method and Ellman colorimetric method, respectively. Results Twelve compounds were isolated from M. oleifera by various chromatographic methods and were identified as lariciresinol (1), 3-(α,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl) tetrahydrofuran (2), (7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (3), macadiol (4), diethyl pinoresinol (5), pinoresinol (6), evofolin B (7), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4'-dihydroconiferyl alcohol (8), tricyclohumuladiol (9), 9α-hydroxy-2β-methoxyclovane (10), 3β-hydroxy-oleana-11,13 (18)-dien-28-oic acid (11), oleanolic acid (12). Compounds 12 showed antineoplastic activity. Compound 1 and 2 exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Conclusion Compounds 1-11 are separated from Moringa Adans for the first time. This plant has the potential of developing functional product for their antineoplastic and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助（CARS-21）；海南省自然科学基金创新研究团队项目（2017CXTD020）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金（1630012017010）；中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所基本科研业务费专项（ITBB2015RC03）