目的 比较分析家独行菜Lepidium salivum全草和种子的挥发性成分差异。方法 采用气液微萃取技术进行样品前处理，利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术结合保留指数分别对家独行菜的全草及种子挥发性成分种类和相对含量进行测定。结果 家独行菜全草及种子中分别检测出90和92个峰，其中定性出84种和71种挥发性成分，全草和种子所含的挥发性成分在种类及相对含量上有一定差异，全草中含量较高的组分为新植二烯（15.39%）、异硫氰酸苄酯（14.03%）、2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚（9.01%）、1，2-环氧十八烷（6.24%）、苯甲醛（5.60%）、木焦醇（3.43%）、十八烷基醛（2.37%）、苄腈（2.12%）；种子中含量较高的组分为苄腈（49.6%）、异硫氰酸苄酯（10.51%）、2-（3，4-二甲基苯氧基）乙酸（9.73%）、苯甲酸二甲基氨基乙酯（4.66%）、苯甲醛（3.63%）、2-苯乙酰胺（3.18%）、糠醛（1.73%）、苯乙酸（1.26%）；全草和种子所共有的成分有苄腈、异硫氰酸苄酯、苯甲醛、糠醛、2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚等24种物质。结论 为进一步研究家独行菜挥发性成分的药理作用提供基础数据。

Objective To analyze the difference between the volatile components of Lepidium salivum and its seeds. Methods Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GLME) was performed for sample pretreatment, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with retention index were used to determine the kinds and relative content of volatile components in the whole grass and seeds of L. salivum. Results The results obtained were as follows:a total of 90 and 92 peaks were detected in whole plant and in seeds, respectively. Among them, 84 and 71 kinds of volatile components were successfully identified. However, there were differences in the types and relative content of the volatile components between the whole plant and the seeds. The main components in the whole plant were neophytadiene (15.39%), benzyl isothiocyanate (14.03%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (9.01%), 1,2-epoxyoctadecane (6.24%), benzaldehyde (5.60%), lignoceric alcohol (3.43%), stearyl aldehyde (2.37%) and benzyl nitrile (2.12%). While the major components in seed were benzyl nitrile (49.6%), benzyl isothiocyanate (10.51%), 2-(3,4-dimethylphenoxy) acetic acid (9.73%), benzoic acid, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester (4.66%), benzaldehyde (3.63%), benzeneacetamide (3.18%), furfural (1.73%), and benzeneacetic acid (1.26%). As much as 24 kinds of volatile components were identified in both the whole plant and seed, such as benzyl nitrile, benzyl isothiocyanate, benzaldehyde, furfural and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. Conclusion This experiment provides essential data for further research on the role of volatile ingredients in pharmacologic action.

延边大学青年基金资助项目（201623）；延边大学自然基金前期培育项目（201709）；稀土资源利用国家重点实验室开放课题（RERU201717）