目的 研究茯苓Poria cocos非多糖类化学成分的抗补体活性。方法 通过溶血实验方法进行抗补体活性成分的导向分离，对所得化合物进行经典途径的体外抗补体活性测定，采用现代波谱技术ESI-MS、¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR进行结构鉴定。结果 从茯苓醋酸乙酯部位分离得到11个化合物，分别鉴定为豆甾醇（1）、羽扇豆醇（2）、齐墩果酸（3）、乌苏酸（4）、猪苓酸C（5）、土莫酸（6）、去氢土莫酸（7）、3-表-去氢土莫酸（8）、茯苓酸（9）、去氢茯苓酸（10）、松苓新酸（11）。化合物1~4为首次从茯苓中分离得到。抗补体实验表明化合物3~11对经典的补体激活具有不同程度的抑制作用。结论 三萜酸类化合物是茯苓非多糖类化学成分中主要的抗补体活性成分[CH₅₀为（0.10~0.27）g/L]。

Objective To investigate the non-polysaccharide chemical constituents of Poria cocos and their anti-complementary activity. Methods The anti-complementary bioassay-guided isolation was carried out with the hemolysis test as guide. All isolates were evaluated for their in vitro anti-complementary activities on the classical pathway. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR data. Results Eleven compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of P. cocos extracts, including stigmasterol (1), lupeol (2), oleanolic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), polyporenic acid C (5), tumulosic acid (6), dehydrotumulosic acid (7), 3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid (8), pachymic acid (9), dehydropachymic acid (10), and dehydrotrametenolic acid (11). Compounds 1-4 were obtained from this plant for the first time, and compounds 3-11 showed the anti-complementary activity in different degrees. Conclusion Triterpenoid acids are the main anti-complementary constituents in the chemical constituents of P. cocos non-polysaccharides (CH₅₀ 0.10-0.27 g/L).

国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项（2013ZX09402203）