斑蝥素为传统中药斑蝥Mylabris的主要活性成分，因其具有抗癌、抗炎、升高白细胞等生物活性被广泛关注，基于斑蝥素类化合物的活性、结构改造、合成方法等研究亦有较多报道。综述近年来斑蝥素经结构修饰后对其活性、毒性的影响，为后续斑蝥素类化合物的研究及斑蝥的现代化开发提供参考。

Cantharidin is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Mylabris. Cantharidins received increasing attentions for having bioactivities such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and enhancing leukocytes, meanwhile, many researches were reported about cantharidin bioactivities, structure modifications, and synthesis methods. In this review, structures of derivative cantharidins were summarized and bioactivity and toxic regulations were developed, which can provide reference for cantharidin compound researches and modernizations of Mylabris.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（21662046）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（21202142）；云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才项目；第十六批昆明市中青年学术和技术带头人后备人选项目