目的 通过多种化学成分的含量变化，评价晒干、阴干、红外干燥（50、60、70、80℃）、微波干燥（50、60、70、80、100℃）和热风干燥（50、60、70、80℃）等15种干燥方法对益母草药材品质的影响，并优选出适宜的益母草产地加工方法。方法 运用UPLC-QTRAP^®/MS²法测定益母草中3个生物碱类成分（盐酸水苏碱、盐酸益母草碱、葫芦巴碱）、4个酚酸类成分（苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、丁香酸）、5个苯丙素类成分（红景天苷、毛蕊花糖苷、绿原酸、咖啡酸、阿魏酸）、11个黄酮类成分（芦丁、异槲皮苷、金丝桃苷、汉黄芩素、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、芫花素、芹菜素、山柰酚、异鼠李素、橙皮素、槲皮素）和1个环烯醚萜苷类成分（益母草苷）的含量变化。结合主成分分析（PCA）和逼近理想值排序法（TOPSIS），综合评价不同干燥方式得到的益母草样品的品质。结果 不同干燥方式对益母草中24个化学成分的含量影响显著，基于此进行PCA并将15种干燥方法分为3类；另外采用TOPSIS法对15种干燥方法进行评分，前3位为热风70℃、热风60℃和微波100℃干燥，都在很大程度上保留了益母草中活性成分。结论 结合实践，优选热风70℃干燥为益母草产地加工工艺，为益母草的品质提供保障，为全国益母草生产加工提供科学依据。

Objective To evaluate the effects of 15 kinds of drying methods including sun-drying, shade drying, infrared drying (50, 60, 70, 80℃), microwave drying (50, 60, 70, 80, 100℃), and hot-air drying (50, 60, 70, 80℃) on the quality of Leonurus japonicus through the content of multiple chemical components, and then optimize suitable drying methods for L. japonicus. Methods UPLC-QTRAP^®/MS² method was developed to determine the content of three alkaloids (stachydrine hydrochloride, leonurine hydrochloride, trigonelline), four phenolic acids (benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid), five phenylpropanoids (salidroside, acteoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid), 11 flavonoids (rutin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, wogonin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, genkwanin, apigenin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, hesperetin, quercetin), and one iridoid glycoside (ajugol) in L. japonicus. The principal component analysis (PCA) and TOPSIS analysis were performed to evaluate the quality of the L. japonicus samples obtained by different drying methods. Results Different drying methods exerted significant effects on the content of 24 chemical ingredients in L. japonicus. The PCA analysis divided 15 drying methods into three types based on the content of 24 compounds. Moreover, the comprehensive evaluation of TOPSIS was carried out, and the top three drying methods were 70℃ hot-air drying, 60℃ hot-air drying, and 100℃ microwave drying, which largely retained the active ingredients of L. japonicus. Conclusion Combined with practice, we found that 70℃ hot-air drying was the optimized drying process of L. japonicus, which provides guarantee for the quality of L. japonicus and provides scientific basis for the production and processing of L. japonicus.

国家中药标准化项目（ZYBZH-C-JS-34）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81773882）；江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心开放课题（012092002006-4）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-21）