目的 获得夏枯草转录组信息，探索夏枯草次生代谢产物生物合成的分子基础。方法 利用Illumina HiSeq 2000高通量测序技术对夏枯草果穗、茎和叶等部位进行转录组测序，经Trinity软件组装后获得Unigene，并进行系统的生物信息学分析。结果 共获得77 863条Unigene，平均长度为716.72 nt。通过与NR、Swiss-Prot、COG等7个公共数据库进行BLAST比对，共有41 367个Unigene获得注释，注释率为53.13%。在KEGG数据库中，有1 406条Unigene被注释到次生代谢产物合成。通过对转录组数据深入挖掘发现，参与夏枯草三萜类骨架合成的Unigene共有60个，参与酚酸类合成的Unigene共有24个，参与次生代谢后修饰的Unigene共有259个，参与其他次生代谢合成的Unigene共有118个。结论 夏枯草转录组数据为探索夏枯草次生代谢产物的生物合成机制提供了重要的资源，也为利用代谢工程增加夏枯草中重要次生代谢产物含量提供了基础信息。

Objective To obtain the transcriptome sequence database and to explore the molecule basis of secondary metabolism biosynthesis in Prunella vulgaris. Methods The high-throughput RNA-seq technology (Illumina HiSeq 2000) was used to conduct a transcriptomic analysis of P. vulgaris ears, stems, and leaves. Unigenes were obtained after assembled by Trinity, and the sequencing results were analyzed with the bioinformatics analysis. Results A total of 77 863 Unigenes were obtained and the average length was 716.72 nt. A total of 41 367 (53.13%) unigenes were annotated by a BLAST similarity search against Nr, Swiss-Prot, COG and other four public sequence databases, and 1 406 Unigenes were assigned to secondary metabolism biosynthesis pathways by the KEGG. Based on the bioinformatic analysis, we found that 60 Unigenes were involved in the triterpenes backbone biosynthesis, 24 Unigenes catalyze synthesis of phenolic acids, and 259 Unigenes might participate in secondary metabolism post-modification. Additionally, 118 unigenes might involve in other secondary metabolism biosynthesis of P. vulgaris. Conclusion The transcriptome data of P. vulgaris from this study provides an important resource for understanding the biosynthesis mechanism of its secondary metabolites, and provides basic information that may aid in metabolic engineering to increase yields secondary metabolites of P. vulgaris.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81603232）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1702800）；河南省重大科技专项（171100310500）；河南中医学院博士科研基金资助项目（BSJJ2015-13）；中央引导地方科技发展专项资金