目的 研究银杏酸吸附分离的新方法。方法 采用分子印迹技术，以水杨酸为假模板分子，4-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体，通过分子自组装印迹技术合成对银杏酸具有高吸附性的印迹聚合物，运用核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱分析研究聚合物的印迹机制，扫描电镜考察聚合物的结构表征，HPLC和紫外检测法监测聚合物对总银杏酸的吸附结合特性。结果 加入模板分子合成分子印迹聚合物（MIP）具备更好的三维空间结构和吸附性能，其中模板分子与功能单体以非共价键结合。在银杏外种皮提取液中MIP对银杏酸的吸附率达到95.9%；根据Scatchard分析聚合物，存在2种不同的结合位点，其中高亲和力结合位点饱和结合位点数（Q_max1）=30 mg/g；低亲和力结合位点饱和结合位点数（Q_max2）=80 mg/g。聚合物的吸附动力学为准二级动力学吸附。结论 以水杨酸为模板制备MIP对银杏酸有很强的吸附性能，在银杏酸的分离精制中具有很好的推广应用前景。

objective To develop a new method for the adsorption and separation of ginkgolic acid (GA). Methods Using salicylic acid (SA) as a dummy template and 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with high adsorbability to GA was synthesized by molecular self-assembly technique. The imprinting mechanism of the polymers was studied by ¹H-NMR and IR spectra, and the structure of the polymers was characterized by SEM. The structure of the polymer was analyzed by FT-IR and the adsorption and binding properties of the polymer to total GA were analyzed by HPLC and UV detection. Results MIP had better three-dimensional space structure and adsorption properties. Template molecules were binded to functional monomers with noncovalent bonds. The adsorption rate of GA by polymer MIP in the extract of Ginkgo biloba was 95.9%. The Scatchard analysis reveals that there were two different recognition sites in MIP in the extract of G. biloba, and the apparent maximal combination amount (Q_max1) was 30 mg/g in high affinity recognition sites and with (Q_max2)=80 mg/g in low affinity recognition sites. And the adsorption kinetics can be best described as the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Conclusion The preparation of MIP with SA as dummy template has strong adsorption properties for GA, which has a good prospect of popularization and application in the separation and purification of GA.

国家十二五科技支撑计划（2012BAI27B07）；西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助（2019NYB32）