目的 采用UPLC-ESI-HRMSⁿ技术对藏药塔黄Rheum nobile的甲醇提取物进行分离鉴定分析。方法 ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.7 μm）色谱柱进行分离，甲醇-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，质谱采用正负离子监测模式、全扫描及自动触发二级质谱扫描进行数据采集。通过高分辨质谱数据，结合HMDB数据库、参考相关文献以及对照品比对，鉴定塔黄的主要化学成分。结果 从塔黄的甲醇提取物中共鉴定了34个化学成分，包括蒽醌类4个、酚酸类15个、鞣质及鞣质前体类11个、有机酸4个。其中27个化学成分首次从该植物中分离得到。结论 UPLC-ESI-HRMSⁿ技术可快速、准确地鉴定塔黄中化学成分，为其药效物质基础及质量控制提供理论依据。

Objective A rapid and efficient UPLC-ESI-HRMSⁿ method was developed and applied to rapidly identify the components in Rheum nobile. Methods With 100% methanol as extract preparation for solution,the extract was separated on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), and eluted with a gradient of methanol-water that containing 0.1% formic acid. Chemical constituents were separated and investigated by UPLC-ESI-HRMSⁿ in both positive and negative ion modes. Combined with accurate mass characteristic fragments, retention time and previous literature database, the structures of compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Results A total of 34 compounds including four anthraquinones, 15 phenolic acid derivatives, 11 tannin precursor and tannins and four organic acid were identified. Twenty-seven compounds were reported for the first time from R. nobile. Conclusion The analytical method of UPLC-ESI-HRMSⁿ was valuable for rapid identification of unknown constituents of R. nobile, which supplies a clear material basis for further study.

国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1700705）；四川省留学人员科技活动项目择优资助经费计划（2018-68）；四川省科技厅科技支撑计划（2014SZ0131）；四川省科技厅科技支撑计划（2016FP0015）；四川省基础研究重点项目（2018JY0069）；西南民族大学2018中央高校重点项目（2018NZD18）；西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目（CX2017SZ090）