目的 建立UPLC法同时测定附子和川乌中尿嘧啶、腺苷、鸟嘌呤核苷和尿嘧啶核苷4种核苷类成分含量的方法，并采用多元统计分析方法比较附子和川乌中的核苷类成分的含量差异。方法 水超声提取附子和川乌中的核苷类成分，采用BEH C₁₈（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.7 μm）色谱柱；乙腈-水梯度洗脱；体积流量0.2 mL/min，柱温30℃；进样体积4 μL；检测波长260 nm。采用差异显著性分析、聚类热图分析、主成分分析和TOPSIS分析进行数据处理，综合评价附子和川乌的质量。结果 方法学考察结果符合规定，尿嘧啶、腺苷、鸟嘌呤核苷和尿嘧啶核苷线性关系良好（r²>0.999 3），平均加样回收率分别为99.86%、99.14%、99.74%和98.71%，RSD均小于2.0%。以4种核苷类成分为评价指标，18号附子样品质量最优，23号川乌样品质量最优。结论 建立的方法操作简单、准确可靠，具有良好的精密度、稳定性、重复性，可用于附子和川乌中核苷类化合物的定量测定，为附子和川乌水溶性成分的研究提供依据。

Objective To establish a UPLC method for the simultaneous determination of uracil, adenosine, guanosine, and uridine in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (ALRP) and Aconiti Radix (AR), and to compare the content difference of four nucleosides in the samples based on multivariate statistical analysis. Methods Nucleosides in ALRP and AR were extracted with purified water by ultrasonic extraction. The UPLC method was performed on a BEH C₁₈ (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) through a gradient elution of acetonitrile and water at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min with column temperature at 30℃. The injection volume was set at 4.0 μL, and the detection wavelength was set at 260 nm. Difference significance analysis, hierarchical cluster heatmap analysis, principal component analysis, and TOPSIS analysis were used for data processing to comprehensively evaluate the quality of ALRP and AR. Results The method was in accordance with the regulations, the quantitative evaluation of uracil, adenosine, guanosine, and uridine was in good linear range (r² > 0.999 3), and the average recovery was 99.86%, 99.14%, 99.74%, and 98.71% respectively, and the RSDs were all less than 2.0%. Taking the four nucleosides as indexes, the samples No. 18 of ALRP and the samples No. 23 of AR were the best in quality. Conclusion The established method is simple, accurate, and reliable with good precision, repeatability, and stability, which can be used for the simultaneous determination of four nucleosides in ALRP and AR, and it might provide the scientific basis for the study of water-soluble constituents in ALRP and AR.

国家中药标准化项目"川乌等2种中药材饮片标准化建设"（ZYBZH-Y-JX-28）