目的 研究海洋真菌Penicillium sp. SCS-KFD16的次级代谢产物。方法 采用正向硅胶、ODS和半制备HPLC等方法对海洋真菌Penicillium sp. SCS-KFD16的发酵代谢产物进行分离纯化，采用MS和NMR等波谱方法对代谢产物进行结构鉴定，分别采用DPPH法、Ellman比色法和PNPG法对化合物的自由基清除能力、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性进行测试。结果 从海洋文蛤来源真菌Penicillium sp. SCS-KFD16的发酵产物醋酸乙酯部分中分离了6个化合物，分别鉴定为2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzyl)-5-methoxyphenol（1）、penicillide（2）、bioxanthracene 2（3）、6-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxy-3- methylbenzaldehyde（4）、4-羟基苯乙醇（5）和2-(4-hydroxyphenethyl) acetate（6）。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为青霉双酚；化合物2～6具有一定的DPPH自由基清除活性，化合物4抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的IC₅₀为24.4 μmol/L。

Objective To study the secondary metabolites of the marine fungus Penicillium sp. SCS-KFD16. Methods The metabolites were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS column, and preparative HPLC methods. The structures of the compounds were identified by MS and NMR spectral data analysis. The DPPH radical scavenging, acetylcholinesterase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of compounds were evaluated by DPPH method, Ellman colorimetric method, and PNPG method, respectively. Results Six compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the fermentation broth of the marine fungus Penicillium sp. SCS-KFD16, and they were identified as 2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzyl)-5-methoxyphenol (1), penicillide (2), bioxanthracene 2 (3), 6-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde (4),4-(2-hydroxyethyl) phenol (5), and 2-(4-hydroxyphenethyl) acetate (6), respectively. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound named penicinol. Compounds 2-6 show DPPH radical scavenging activity and compound 4 exhibits inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with an IC₅₀ value of 24.4 μmol/L.

国家自然科学基金项目（41606088,81741157）；海南省自然科学基金项目（417256）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金项目（17CXTD-15，1630052016008）