目的 获得牛樟芝聚酮合酶基因（AcPKS1）全长，对其进行生物学分析并分析该基因在不同培养基上的表达差异。方法 通过对牛樟芝基因组分析获得牛樟芝聚酮合酶基因，通过设计含有起始密码子和终止密码子的特异引物并以牛樟芝cDNA为模板克隆得到AcPKS1基因全长，并对该基因进行生物信息学分析及在不同培养基上的表达谱分析。结果 AcPKS1全长6 348 bp，含有6个内含子和7个外显子，外显子编码2 115个氨基酸；通过生物信息学分析，推测该基因为真菌I型非还原型PKS，结构域为SAT-KS-PT-ACP-ACP-TE，系统树分析显示AcPKS1与其他未知功能的聚酮合酶（PKS）聚为一支，说明AcPKS1可能是一种新的聚酮化合物环化方式；表达谱分析表明，葡萄糖为AcPKS1基因表达的必要条件，且葡萄糖含量与AcPKS基因表达量呈正相关。结论 本研究为AcPKS1功能鉴定以及牛樟芝基因资源利用奠定基础。

Objective To obtained the gene AcPKS1 of Antrodia camphorata, analyze using bioinformatics, and detect the condition of expressing in the different medium. Methods Polyketide synthases gene was obtained from the genome of A. camphorata through analyzing the genome, and the full length of the gene was obtained through designed the special primers including initiation codon and termination codon and the template using cDNA of A. camphorata, which named the gene AcPKS1, and using the bioinformatics analysis and expression profiles analysis in the different medium. Results The full length of AcPKS1 gene was 6 348 bp, including six introns and seven exons, and the expression region encoded 2 115 amino acids; the bioinformatics analysis showed that AcPKS1 was a kind of nonreduced PKS of type Ⅰin fungi, the domains was SAT-KS-PT-ACP-ACP-TE, and the enzyme catalyzed a new kind of cyclization in the process of polyketides biosynthesis; The expression profiles revealed that glucose was necessary during the expression of AcPKS protein, and the expression quantity of the AcPKS1 protein basically proportion to the content of glucose. Conclusion The result of this text has applied foundation to identify the polyketide synthase gene and take full advantage genomic resources of A. camphorata.

国家自然科学青年科学基金项目（31400488）；云南省面上基金资助项目（2016FB055）；云南省对外科技合作计划（2015IA004）