目的 以菌根生活力、根茎生物量和活性成分为指标，筛选适宜滇重楼幼苗生长发育的优良丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM）真菌。方法 以灭菌土壤为生长基质，采用室温盆栽试验，研究接种28种外源性AM真菌对滇重楼幼苗菌根生活力、根茎生物量和重楼皂苷产量（单株幼苗所含的重楼皂苷量、重楼皂苷含量与幼苗生物量的乘积）、根茎重楼皂苷与核苷含量的影响。结果 接种的28种AM真菌与滇重楼幼苗均形成了共生体系并且发育良好，并能提高滇重楼幼苗菌根生活力，但具有偏好性。大多数AM真菌处理组能提高滇重楼根茎生物量，促进了滇重楼幼苗重楼皂苷和重楼核苷的积累，表现为重楼皂苷含量和产量的提高。菌根形成对滇重楼幼苗次生代谢的影响还表现在重楼皂苷和重楼核苷的器官分配上，菌根化滇重楼幼苗须根中4种重楼皂苷总量具有高于根茎的趋势，而根茎中9种核苷总量明显高于须根。结论 本研究中不同AM菌株的表现，对进一步提高滇重楼幼苗生物量和品质的菌株筛选具有重要的借鉴作用，巨大巨孢囊霉Gigaspora gigantea、美丽盾巨孢囊霉Scutellospora calospora、沾屑多孢囊霉Diversispora spurca、异配盾孢囊霉Dentiscutata heterogama、沙荒球囊霉Septoglomus deserticola、薄壁两性囊霉Ambispora leptoticha可望能作为培育滇重楼菌根化苗的理想菌株。

Objective To screen preponderant arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi species from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedlings based on mycorrhiza viability, rhizome biomass, and active components. Methods After 28 exogenous species of AM fungi were inoculated in sterilized soil, the effects of the mycorrhiza viability of seedling, the biomass in rhizome, the total amount of polyphyllins in single whole seedling, the amount of polyphyllins in rhizome, and the amount of nucleosides in rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were observed by inoculation test in pot at room temperature. Results All the 28 AM groups formed well mycorrhizal structure, the mycorrhiza viability of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedling was enhanced, but it showed preference. Most of the AM treatment groups could improve the biomass in rhizome, the contents and yields of polyphyllins increased, which implied that the accumulation of polyphyllins and nucleosides in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedling were enhanced after inoculation. AM also changed polyphyllins and nucleosides allocation in different organs of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedling in the secondary metablism, the total amount of four kinds of polyphyllins in rootlet were higher than those in rhizome, but the total amount of nine kinds of nucleosides in rhizome were higher than rootlet. Conclusion The performance of different AM strains in this study is of great reference for further improving the biological quantity and quality of the screening of preponderant AM fungi species from P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedlings. Gigaspora gigantean, Scutellospora calospora, Diversispora spurca, Dentiscutata heterogama, Septoglomus deserticola, and Ambispora leptoticha can use as the preponderant AM fungi species for the cultivation of mycorrhizal seedlings of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81260622）；重庆市教委科学技术研究资助项目（KJ1601007）；重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目（cstc2016jcyjA0555）