高原环境下由于供氧不足，使得机体需氧代谢和能量供给水平减弱，进一步造成机体循环功能下降、组织/器官中营养物质和能量供应水平降低、体内废物排出速度减慢，是引起高原疾病的关键原因。由于众多代谢途径受到影响，体内内源性小分子代谢物水平也随之发生大幅改变，代谢组学已越来越多地被应用到高原缺氧疾病、发病机制，甚至药效研究中。综述国内外研究文献，对高原缺氧的发病机制以及相关治疗药物干预的临床和临床前代谢组学研究进行分析和整理，发现高原缺氧下机体内源性代谢物及代谢通路发生显著变化，一些药物干预对通路代谢显示一定调节作用；并对代谢组学技术在高原缺氧疾病应用中存在的问题及对未来的应用展望进行归纳，提示采用代谢组学方法研究高原缺氧有望为机制研究和药物筛选提供一个良好的技术手段。

Under plateau environment, inadequate oxygen makes people breathe less oxygen, reducing the level of oxygen metabolism and energy supply in the body. Subsequently, the peripheral circulation, the contractile efficiency of myocardial cells, the pump of blood stream, the flow rate of blood in various tissues, and the excretion rate of waste in the body could be greatly reduced, which are key reasons for causing plateau disease. Due to the reason that many metabolic pathways are affected in vivo, the level of endogenous small molecular metabolites can also be changed greatly. Therefore, metabolomics has been gradually applied to the study of plateau diseases, pathogenesis and even pharmacodynamics. This article summarizes the pathogenesis of plateau hypoxia and metabolomics of the associated therapeutic agents based on the preclinical and clinical research reviewed from the altitude sickness-associated metabolic research literature at home and abroad. Previous studies have confirmed that the endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathways altered significantly under plateau hypoxia, and some drugs showed a certain regulatory effect on the pathway metabolism. Moreover, the article summarizes the problems existing in the application of metabolomics in plateau hypoxia disease and the prospect of its future application. It was suggested that metabolomics was a promising tool for the study on the mechanism and the primary assessment of candidate drugs for plateau disease.