发汗炮制法是中药材产地初加工过程中的一种重要方法，其目的是加快药材的干燥，有利于药材的保存。现代研究表明，"发汗"对药材的化学成分、药理活性和药效作用等方面也会产生影响。在"发汗"过程中，药材内部的温度逐渐升高，一系列酶促反应随之发生，药材的化学成分发生转化；随着"发汗"炮制的继续，药材内部的温度不断升高，植物的抗热胁迫反应随之启动，一些次级代谢产物生成，从而提升药材有效成分的含量。对"发汗"炮制过程中生物酶的作用以及植物抗热胁迫反应的研究进展进行综述，以揭示中药"发汗"炮制过程的内在机制，最终为"发汗"炮制法的应用及推广提供理论依据。

Diaphoretic processing is one of the essential methods aiming to speed up the drying herbs and help the preservation of medicinal materials in the initial processing of Chinese materia medica. In addition, modern research showed that diaphoretic processing also affects the chemical components pharmacological activities and pharmacodynamic action of medicinal materials. During the diaphoretic processing, the internal temperature of medicinal materials rose, which increased the enzyme activity and improved the enzyme-catalyzed reaction, and then these lead to the change of chemical components of medicinal materials. With the diaphoretic processing continues, continually elevated internal temperature of medicinal materials started a series anti-heat stress reaction and generated some secondary metabolites, which considered as main effective components of medicinal materials. In this paper, the mechanism of diaphoretic processing was revealed by analysis the biological enzyme action and anti-heat stress reaction, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application and extension of the diaphoretic processing.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81660684）；云南省科技计划资助项目（2014FZ083）；南药研究协同创新中心基金资助项目（30270100500）