道地药材以“货真质优效佳”为重要标志，是中医药的精髓，道地药材的研究关系到中医药现代化、国际化的进程与发展。茯苓的应用历史悠久，古人对其的认识随时间的迁移有一定的不同，茯苓产地也随着朝代变更而有变迁。作为一种应用历史悠久的药食两用中药，茯苓的开发利用前景广阔。从本草学角度出发，对茯苓的来源、原植物认识、道地产区、药用、性味、采收加工及质量评价的历史沿革与变迁等进行本草考证与探讨，为茯苓药材的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。

Daodi herbs, as the quintessence of Chinese medicine, is famous for its genuine products, good quality and effect. The research of Daodi herbs influences both the process and development of modernization and internationlization of Chinese medicine. Poria cocos has a long history of application, there is a certain difference over the time of ancients to P. cocos, and P. cocos producing area has a certain change with the change of dynasty. Moreover, as a medicine with dual-purpose of drug and food, it has a widely development future. Therefore, this article from the perspective of the herbalogy to research and discuss the history and changes of P. cocos including the original plant awareness, the real estate area, the medicinal, the taste, the harvest processing, and the quality evaluation, in order to provide the theory basis for the further development and utilization of P. cocos.

国家自然科学基金面上项目（81773988）；茯苓中药饮片标准化建设项目（2017HZ5）；安徽省科技厅公益联动项目：茯苓高品质菌种筛选及其在大别山区产业化应用研究（1501ld04004）；安徽省教育厅项目：茯苓高品质菌种训化及其在大别山区产业化应用研究（2014HZ010）