白术Atractylodes macrocephala为临床常用中药，其化学成分主要包括挥发油、内酯类、苷类，以及多糖和氨基酸等。白术除了具有抗衰老、抗炎、抗肿瘤、调节胃肠功能、保肝等药理作用，还具有治疗和改善多种神经精神系统疾病的作用。通过文献分析，归纳总结了白术在神经精神系统疾病中的药理作用及其作用机制的研究进展，以期为进一步全面阐释白术在神经精神系统疾病中的作用机制及临床用药提供参考。

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. is a commonly used Chinese materia medica in clinical treatment, and its chemical constituents mainly include volatile oil, lactones, glycosides, atractylodes polysaccharide, and amino acids. In addition to the pharmacological effects of anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, regulating gastrointestinal function, and liver protection, A. macrocephala also has the function of treating and improving many kinds of diseases in nervous-mental system. In this paper, the role of A. macrocephala in nervous-mental system and its research mechanisms were summarized by literature analysis, in order to provide a reference for further explaining the mechanism and clinical medication of A. macrocephala in nervous-mental system.

国家国际科技合作计划（2011DFA32630）；山西省科技计划项目（201603D321077，201603D3113013）；山西省科技创新重点团队（201605D131045-18）；山西省重点实验室（201605D111004）