目的 获得赶黄草Penthorum chinense转录基因参考序列和表达量信息，探索赶黄草药用活性成分生物合成的遗传基础，为赶黄草的重要功能基因研究提供参考。方法 采用Illumina HiSeq 2000高通量测序技术，对赶黄草进行转录组测序，对获得的数据进行过滤组装，对得到的unigene进行比对注释，同时对本研究获得赶黄草活性成分合成相关代谢通路基因进行分析。结果 共获得了40 005 442条有效的短读序，通过de novo拼接得到42 306个unigene，开放阅读框（ORF）分析共计得到518个ORF，其中75个ORF具有转录因子结构域。通过KEGG分析，检测到33、32、59、68个unigene分别参与黄酮类生物合成、固醇类生物合成、萜类骨架生物合成和羧酸代谢。结论 本研究发现的这些基因对赶黄草遗传改良和药用活性物质的生物合成路径相关基因研究有着重要意义。

Objective In order to obtain the reference sequences and relative expression of transcription genes and study the genetic base of active ingredients in Penthorum chinense, which were useful for researching functional gene to P. chinense. Methods In this study, by performing Illumina Hiseq 2000 and de novo assembly, the transcriptome of whole plant was sequenced, the data were filtered and assembled, and the unigene was compared and annotated. Meanwhile, the genes related to the synthesis of metabolic pathway of active ingredients in P. chinense were analyzed. Results Totally, 40 005 442 valid short sequences were obtained, and 42 306 unigenes were spliced by de novo. Also, a total of 518 open reading frames (ORF) were obtained by ORF analysis, and 75 ORF of them had transcription factor domains. In addition, by performing KEGG pathway analysis, 33, 32, 59, and 68 unigenes were found to be involved in the pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, respectively. Conclusion The datasets provided in this study will contribute significantly to genetic improvement and study on the genes related to biosynthesis pathway of pharmaceutical active substances from P. chinense.

四川省育种攻关项目（2016NYZ0022）；四川省科技支撑计划项目（2014SZ0134）