目的 研究山楂叶总黄酮组分中代表成分的平衡溶解度与油水分配系数，比较其相似性，为山楂叶总黄酮组分整体水溶性和脂溶性的表征奠定基础。方法 以山楂叶总黄酮组分为模型药物，选择芦丁、槲皮素、金丝桃苷为代表性成分，用HPLC法同时测定各成分在不同pH值的缓冲液及水中的平衡溶解度和表观油水分配系数（P_app），运用向量余弦法（cosine）和格鲁布斯法（Grubbs）评价其相似性。色谱条件：色谱柱为Zorbax Eclipse Plus C₁₈柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm），流动相为乙腈（A）-0.4%磷酸水溶液（B），梯度洗脱：0～10 min，20%乙腈；10～11 min，20%～40%乙腈；11～20 min，40%乙腈；20～21 min，40%～20%乙腈；21～25 min，20%乙腈；检测波长为360 nm；体积流量为0.8 mL/min；柱温为40 ℃。结果 芦丁、槲皮素、金丝桃苷在不同pH值缓冲液及水中的平衡溶解度及P_app均相似，在不同pH值缓冲溶液中芦丁、槲皮素和金丝桃苷3个成分平衡溶解度的cosine值分别为0.998、0.988、0.987，P_app的cosine值分别为0.976、0.981、0.978，cosine值均大于0.9，芦丁、槲皮素和金丝桃苷平衡溶解度的Grubbs值分别为1.057、1.083、1.124、1.117、1.022、1.030、1.082、1.112，P_app的Grubbs值分别为1.125、1.107、1.079、1.034、1.041、1.037、1.129、1.128，Grubbs检验结果均小于G临界值1.153，相似性良好。结论 相似性分析客观地反映了组分内各成分性质的离散程度，可增加组分性质评价的科学性，为中药组分的制剂设计提供依据。

Objective To study the equilibrium solubility and oil/water partition coefficient of Hawthorn leaves flavonoids (HLF) components, and compare their similarity, to lay the foundation for the characterization of the overall water soluble and fat soluble HLF components. Methods Taking HLF components as model drug, rutin, quercetin, and hyperin as representative components. The HPLC method was used to determine the equilibrium solubility and apparent oil/water distribution coefficient (P_app) of the components at different pH values and water. The similarity was evaluated by the vector cosine method (cosines) and Grubbs method (Grubbs). Chromatographic conditions: The chromatographic column was Zorbax Eclipse Plus C₁₈ column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), and the flow phase was acetonitrile (A) -0.4% phosphate solution (B). The gradient elution program was 0—10 min (80% B), 10—11 min (80%—60% B), 11—20 min (60% B), 20—21 min (60%—80% B), and 21—25 min (80% B); The detection wavelength was 360 nm; The volume flow was 0.8 mL/min; The column temperature was 40 ℃. Results The equilibrium solubility and P_app of rutin, quercetin, hyperin were similar in different pH buffer solution and water. The solubility value of lutin, quercetin, and hyperoside in the buffer solution of different pH were 0.998, 0.988, and 0.987, respectively. The cosine value of the apparent oil-water distribution coefficient was 0.976, 0.981, and 0.978, respectively. The cosine value was greater than 0.9. The Grubbs value of equilibrium solubility of lutin, quercetin and hyperoside were 1.057, 1.083, 1.124, 1.117, 1.022, 1.030, 1.082, and 1.112, respectively. The Grubbs values of the apparent oil-water distribution coefficient were 1.125, 1.107, 1.079, 1.034, 1.041, 1.037, 1.129, and 1.128. The results of Grubbs were less than G critical value of 1.153, and the similarity was good. Conclusion The similarity analysis reflects that the degree of dispersion of components objectively, which could increase the science of components evaluation and provide the basis for the formulation design of components of traditional Chinese medicine.

2016年浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划项目（2016R428003）；2015年度绍兴市大学生科技创新项目[绍市高教（2015）138号]；浙江省第十五届“挑战杯”大学生课外学术科技作品竞赛二等奖