目的 研究三桠苦Melicope ptelefolia茎枝的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱法、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、重结晶等技术进行分离纯化，通过NMR、ESI-MS等现代谱学方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从三桠苦茎枝石油醚部位和醋酸乙酯部位分离得到11个化合物，分别鉴定为大黄素甲醚（1）、豆甾-3，5-二烯-7-酮（2）、β-谷甾酮（3）、（24R）-乙基-3β，5α，6β-三羟基胆甾烷（4）、dihydroxanthyletin（5）、正二十烷酸甲酯（6）、大黄素（7）、（+）-marmesin（8）、rudicoumarin C（9）、3-（2'，3'-二羟基）异戊基-7-羟基香豆素（10）、4-甲基喹啉酮（11）。结论 化合物1～11 均为三桠苦植物中首次分离得到，其中化合物10 为新化合物，命名为三桠苦素D。

Objective To study the chemcial constituents from Melicope ptelefolia. Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and recrystallization. The structures were elucidated by sepectroscopic anaylsis (NMR and ESI-MS). Results Twelve compounds were isolated from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate soluble fraction and identified as:physcion (1), stigmata-3,5-dien-7-one (2), β-sitostenone (3), 24(R)-24-ethyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (4), dihydroxanthyletin (5), methyl icosanoate (6), emodin (7), (+)-marmesin (8), rudicoumarin C (9), 3-(2',3'-dihydroxy) isopentyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (10), and 4-methoxy-2(1H)-quinolinone (11). Conclusion Compounds 1-11 are isolated from M. ptelefolia for the first time. Compound 10 is a new compound named pteleifolosin D.