目的 研究菊科植物苍耳Xanthium sibiricum的干燥成熟带总苞果实（苍耳子）的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS反相柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、MCI gel CHP 20P和HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化，并结合HR-ESI-MS与现代波谱学技术鉴定化合物结构。结果 从苍耳子70%乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物，分别鉴定为xanthiazone（1）、羟基苍耳子噻嗪双酮苷（2）、尿苷（3）、3-吲哚甲醛（4）、naphthisoxazol A（5）、氨基苯丙酰胺（6）、N-benzoyl-2-aminoethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside（7）、ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone（8）、arbutin（9）、icariside D1（10）、lcariside F2（11）、（+）-erythro-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-（coniferyl alcohol）ether（12）、（-）-threo-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-（coniferyl alcohol） ether（13）和coniferine（14）。结论 化合物3～14为首次从苍耳属植物中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the fruits of Xanthium sibiricum. Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, ODS reverse phase column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, MCI gel CHP 20P, and HPLC methods. The structures were identified by HR-ESI-MS and spectral analysis methods. Results Fourteen compounds were isolated from the fruits of X. sibiricum and the structures were identified as xanthiazone (1), 2-hydroxy-xanthiside (2), uridine (3), indole-3-carbaldehyde (4), naphthisoxazol A (5), aminobenzene propanamide (6), N-benzoyl-2-aminoethyl β-D-glucopyranoside (7), ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone (8), arbutin (9), icariside D1 (10), lcariside F2 (11), (+)-erythro-uaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-(coniferyl alcohol) ether (12), (-)-threo-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-(coniferyl alcohol) ether (13), and coniferine (14). Conclusion Compounds 3-14 are obtained from the fruits of X. sibiricum for the first time.

黑龙江省自然基金面上项目（H2015037）；哈尔滨市科技局科技创新人才项目（2014RFQXJ149）；黑龙江中医药大学博士创新基金（2014bs05）