目的 通过筛选增强青黛亲水性的改性剂来研究改性剂与青黛作用方式,并优选出最佳改性工艺,制备适宜汤剂给药的新型饮片,满足临床用药需求。方法 以接触角为亲水改性效果评价指标,通过筛选出不同醇类试剂中最优的改性剂,再经过不同的干燥温度对改性青黛进行热稳定性考察,结合不同醇类试剂、靛蓝、靛玉红的微观结构来初步探讨改性剂与青黛改性作用机制以及改性效果的热稳定性。通过单因素试验考察探讨接触角与改善青黛亲水性的关系,并采用均匀设计初步确定最佳工艺。结果 不同醇类试剂相较于普通青黛都有改性效果,改性过程中醇分子的-CH₃和-OH贡献不同,一元醇碳链越长改性效果越好,多元醇-OH越多改性效果越好,但从试剂的适用性及安全性考虑最佳改性剂为乙醇,最优改性工艺：改性剂用量为19%的乙醇、研磨23 min。结论 醇类能有效改善青黛的润湿问题,使用乙醇作为改性剂可行性好,改性工艺稳定可靠,可以成功制备出青黛饮片。

Objective To discuss the interaction between modifier and Indigo Naturalis by selecting the modifier that enhancing the superficial hydrophilicity of I. naturalis, then the best powder modification technique was selected to prepare the hydrophilic decoction pieces of I. naturalis, which can suit for decoction. Methods In this paper, the contact angle was used to select the modifier, thermal stability was studied by different drying temperatures; Mechanism and thermal stability were studied according to the microstructure of alcohols, I. naturalis, and indirrubin preliminarily. Best technique was chosen by single factor experiment and uniform design. Results Alcohols could enhance the superficial hydrophilicity of I. naturalis comparing to the normal one, the acts of -OH and -CH₃ were different, and generally, the modifying effect of longer carbochain and polyhydroxy-alcohol was better. The best modifier was ethanol, the optimum modifying technique was 19% ethanol and grinding for 23 min. Conclusion Above all, alcohols can enhance the superficial hydrophilicity of I. naturalis, the use of ethanol as modifier and the modifying process are reliable and suitable, and hydrophilic decoction pieces of I. naturalis can be prepared successfully.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(81274098,30973952);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J13100340-19)