目的 对井冈山产凹叶厚朴Magnolia officinalis var. biloba果实、花、干皮、叶4个部位的挥发油成分进行分析,为厚朴不同部位的入药性质提供参考。方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取厚朴4个部位的挥发油,运用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对挥发油成分进行分析和鉴定,采用峰面积归一化法确定各成分的质量分数。结果 从井冈山产凹叶厚朴的挥发油中共鉴定出75个化学成分,其中果实中鉴定出1-石竹烯、α-蒎烯等42个成分,质量分数占98.7%;花中鉴定出4-羟基-4-甲基-2-戊酮、茨烯等19个成分,质量分数占77.59%;干皮中鉴定出α-桉叶油醇、四十四烷等24个成分,质量分数占77.92%;叶中鉴定出1-石竹烯、α-桉叶油醇等32个成分,质量分数占76.48%。1-石竹烯和四十三烷为4个部位共有。结论 从凹叶厚朴挥发油成分角度,凹叶厚朴叶可替代厚朴皮入药,果实可以入药,花活性成分量很少,不建议入药。

Objective To research the constituents of the volatile oil from the fruits, flowers, skins, and leaves of Magnolia officinalis var. biloba produced in Jinggangshan. This research will provide the medicinal nature proof for the different parts of M. officinalis var. biloba. Methods The volatile oil from M. officinalis var. biloba was extracted by steam distillation, and the components of the volatile oil were separated and structurally identified by gas chromatlgraphy-mass spectrometry. The relative percentage of various volatile oil ingredients was determined by the area normalizing method in gas chromatography. Results All 75 compounds were identified from M. officinalis var. biloba in Jinggangshan. Among them 42 compounds like 1-caryophyllene and α-pinene in nuts were identified and the relative content was 98.7%. Nineteen compounds like 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and camphene in the flowers were identified and the relative content was 77.59%. Twenty-four compounds like α-eudesmol, and 44 alkanes in the skins were identified and the relative content was 77.92%. Thirty-two compounds like 1-caryophyllene and α-eudesmol in the leaves were identified and the relative content was 76.48%. The common constituents were 1-caryophyllene and triteracontane. The comparative analysis showed that the volatile oils existed in M. officinalis var. biloba. Conclusion Based on the above research, we suggest that the leaves of M. officinalis var. biloba can replace the skins of M. officinalis var. biloba as medicine, The fruits of M. officinalis var. biloba also can be used to heal the desease; The flowers of M. officinalis var. biloba have little active content, which can not be used as medicine.

国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC11B02-6);吉安市科技局项目(吉市科技字[2013]18号3)