目的 研究人参Panax ginseng茎叶总皂苷中的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等方法进行分离、纯化,通过NMR、MS等谱学方法进行化学结构鉴定.结果 从人参茎叶的总皂苷中共分离鉴定了39个化合物,报道其中的1个新化合物和16个已知的化合物,分别为人参皂苷Re(1)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rh₁(2)、20(R)-人参皂苷Rh₁(3)、人参皂苷Rh₅(4)、20(E)-人参皂苷F₄(5)、人参皂苷F₂(6)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rg₃(7)、20(R)-人参皂苷Rg₃(8)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rf₂(9)、20(R)-人参皂苷Rf₂(10)、20(S)-原人参二醇(11)、20(R)-原人参二醇(12)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rh₂(13)、20(R)-人参皂苷Rh₂(14)、20(S)-原人参三醇(15)、20(R)-原人参三醇(16)和人参皂苷Rd(17).结论 化合物9为1个新的化合物;2～10、13和14是稀有人参皂苷.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of saponins in the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods, and the chemical structures were identified by NMR and MS data analyses. Results A total of 39 compounds were isolated and identified. Among them, 17 compounds were determined as ginsenoside Re (1), 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh₁ (2), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh₁ (3), ginsenoside Rh₅ (4), 20(E)-ginsenoside F₄ (5), ginsenoside F₂ (6), 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg₃ (7), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg₃ (8), 20(S)-ginsenoside Rf₂ (9), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rf₂ (10), 20(S)- protopanaxadiol (11), 20(R)-protopanaxadiol (12), 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh₂ (13), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh₂ (14), 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (15), 20(R)-protopanaxatriol (16), and ginsenoside Rd (17). Conclusion Compound 9 is a new saponin. Compounds 2-10, 13, and 14 are rare ginsenosides.

国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI07B08)