目的 研究不同处理对党参种子萌发和幼苗发育的影响, 探讨最佳的处理方法。方法 对党参种子进行不同方式的前处理, 采用恒温进行培养, 观察记录党参种子萌发及幼苗发育情况(30 d), 并统计分析。结果 温度和土壤湿度对党参种子和幼苗发育有显著影响, 党参种子萌发和幼苗发育最佳温度在20～30 ℃, 最佳湿度在45%～75%;草木灰处理和适宜质量浓度的化学药剂、生长调节剂处理都能有效地促进党参种子萌发和幼苗发育, 但生长调节剂会改变党参幼苗的形态特征, 草木灰拌种处理党参种子萌发快, 幼苗发育快, 植株性状正常且病害少。结论 采用草木灰拌种处理有利于党参种子萌发和幼苗生长发育, 有效提高种苗产量和质量, 可广泛应用于党参大田育苗生产。

Objective To explore the effect of different treatment on Codonopsis pilosula seed germination and seedling growth, and then find out the best treatment method. Methods C. pilosula was pretreated by different methods, culture was carried out by thermostatic cultivation, and C. pilosula seed germination and seedling growth (30 d) were observed, then the data were analyzed with statistic. Results Temperature and soil moisture had the significant impact on C. pilosula seed germination and seedling growth, the optimum temperature was 20—30 ℃, optimum humidity was 45%—75%. C. pilosula seed germination and seedling growth could be effectively promoted by potash treatment, chemicals at suitable concentration, and growth regulators. However, the growth regulators could change the seedling morphological characteristics, C. pilosula seed germination and seedling growth fast with potash treatment, plant was normal and has less disease. Conclusion Potash treatment is beneficial to seed germination and seedling growth, so as to effectively improve the seedlings yield and quality. Potash treatment could be widely used in C. pilosula field seedling production.

国家自然科学基金资助(81360622);甘肃省自然科学基金资助(1107RJZA210);甘肃省省属普通本科高校基本科研业务费专项资金(甘财教 [2014] 63号-5)