目的 考察四川麦冬基地麦冬须根的产量，对麦冬及其须根进行显微特征观察比较，并对块根和须根中麦冬皂苷质量分数进行对比。方法 统计麦冬植株块根与须根质量比值，应用显微镜及显微摄影系统观察须根的表皮细胞、皮层、中柱以及髓部的显微特征；采用UV法对麦冬块根及其须根的提取物进行了总皂苷测定，HPLC-ELSD法测定麦冬块根及须根中麦冬皂苷D质量分数。结果 川麦冬植株麦冬须根与块根质量平均比值为0.68，两者在表皮细胞形状、皮层与中柱排列及比例有一定差异；麦冬与须根平均总皂苷量为1.204%和2.847%；麦冬皂苷D在0.416～10.40 μg内与峰面积呈良好线性关系（r＝0.999 3），平均回收率为99.12%，RSD为1.39%。麦冬块根与须根平均麦冬皂苷D质量分数分别为0.035%和0.041%。结论 川产麦冬须根资源量大，与麦冬组织学差异主要在于表皮细胞形状、皮层与中柱排列及比例，而粉末特征无显著差异；川产麦冬须根总皂苷质量分数明显高于麦冬，而麦冬皂苷D质量分数与麦冬块根无显著性差异。

Objective To study the yield of the fibrous roots of Ophiopogon japonicus in Sichuan province and to compare the microscopic characteristics and the content of total ophiopogonins between the root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus. Methods The ratio for root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus was compared by statistics; The microscopic characteristics of epidermal cell, cortex, stele arrangement, and pith were observed by microscope and photomicrography system; The total saponins in the extract from the root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus were determined by UV, and the content of ophiopogonin D in the extract from the root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus was determined by HPLC-ELSD. Results The average ratio of fibrous root weight and root tuber weight was 0.68, and there were some differenes in the epidermal cell shape, stele arrangement, and proportion of the cortex between the fibrous roots and root tubers of O. japonicus. The average contents of total saponins in the root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus were 1.204% and 2.847%, and the contents of ophiopogonin D were 0.034% and 0.041% in the root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus. Conclusion The resource of fibrous roots of O. japonicus is rich, which has the histological differences in the epidermal cell shape, stele arrangement, and proportion of the cortex between the fibrous roots and root tubers of O. japonicus. There is no significant difference in powder between the root tuber and fibrous root; The the content of total saponin in the fibrous roots is obviously higher than that in the root tubers while the content of ophiopogonin D between the root tubers and fibrous roots of O. japonicus is similar.

绵阳市科技局科技攻关项目（11F019）