目的 对栽培太子参的遗传多样性与药材质量进行综合评价，为合理利用太子参种质资源及优良品种选育提供依据。方法 采用ISSR分子标记分析太子参12个栽培种源的遗传多样性，并用HPLC测定各种源药材中太子参环肽B的量。结果 10条ISSR引物扩增出82条带，其中多态性条带73条，多态位点百分率（PPL）为89.02%。Nei’s遗传多样性指数（H）平均值0.257 9，Shannon’s多态性指数（I）平均值为0.388 4，遗传分化系数（Gst）为0.274 1，种源间基因流（Nm）为1.323 8。基于遗传一致度，12个种源可聚为3类。太子参环肽B量在种源间和种源内个体差异较大，种源4的太子参环肽B量（0.049 4%）明显高于其他种源，且种源内变异系数（9.51%）较小。结论 栽培太子参各产地间的换种及其生物学特性是其遗传多样性水平丰富的主要原因；综合考虑遗传多样性水平和太子参环肽B量，种源3和4种质资源优良，适宜作为太子参种质资源保存及优良品种选育的对象。

Objective To study the genetic diversity and medicinal quality of Pesudostellaria heterophylla and to provide a reference for rational utilization on germplasm resources and fine variety breeding of P. heterophylla. Methods The genetic diversity of the 12 cultivated provenances of P. heterophylla were analyzed by ISSR molecular markers, and Pseudostellarin B in root of P. heterophylla were analyzed by HPLC. Results A total of 82 bands were produced by 10 primers, among which 73 bands were polymorphic bands, and the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPL) was 89.02%. The average value of Nei’s genetic diversity index (H) was 0.257 9, Shannon’s information index (I) was 0.388 4, genetic differentiation coefficient (Gst) was 0.274 1, and the gene flow (Nm) among provenances was 1.323 8. Cluster analysis based on genetic identity indicated that 12 provenances could be divided into three groups. There were great differences of Pseudostellarin B content among and within provenances. Pseudostellarin B content (0.049 4%) in provenance 4 was significantly higher than those in the others, and the coefficient of variation (9.51%) was less in this provenance. Conclusion The high genetic diversity could be attributed to the provenances exchange in different production areas of P. heterophylla and its biological characteristics. Comprehensive consideration of genetic diversity and Pseudostellarin B is made, and the provenances 3 and 4 of P. heterophylla have better quality, which are suitable for germplasm conservation and variety breeding.

施秉中药材产业科技合作专项计划 [施科合专项（2012）04号]；中央本级重大增减支项目（20603020223，20603020120）；贵阳市科技创新公共技术平台项目（2010筑科合字第3-2号）