目的 比较传统与2年生栽培蒙古黄芪药材的化学成分，探讨化学成分差异性。方法 采集HPLC-ELSD指纹图谱信息，测定指标成分黄芪甲苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、总多糖、浸出物的量。对传统黄芪和2年生栽培黄芪样品进行指纹图谱相似度分析、代谢组学多元统计分析以及质量比较。结果 传统黄芪的毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷和总多糖量明显高于2年生栽培黄芪，但二者的黄芪甲苷量和浸出物量没有差别；HPLC-ELSD代谢组学分析技术可以将传统黄芪与2年生栽培黄芪明显区分开，引起二者明显区别的主要差异性化学成分为毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、峰4和5、黄芪皂苷II、峰13、黄芪皂苷I。结论 基于HPLC-ELSD代谢组学技术结合化学指标成分的测定，可用于传统黄芪与2年生栽培黄芪的质量评价研究。

Objective To compare the chemical constituents in traditional planted and two-year-old cultivated Astragali Radix, and to discuss the chemical differences. Methods The HPLC-ELSD fingerprint of Astragali Radix was collected, and the contents of astragaloside, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, total polysccharide, and extract were also determined. The similarity analysis, metabolomic multivariate statistical analysis, and quality comparison were performed. Results The contents of calycosin-7-O-β-D- glucoside and total polysaccharide in traditional planted Astragali Radix were obviously higher than those in two-year-old cultivated Astragali Radix. But the contents of astragaloside and extract showed no difference. The two kinds of Astragali Radix could be distinguished by HPLC-ELSD metabolomic analysis. The differential metabolites were calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ononin, peaks 4, 5, 13, astragalosides I and II. Conclusion HPLC-ELSD metabolomic approach combined with the content determination of index components could be used for the quality evaluation of traditional planted and two-year-old cultivated Astragali Radix.

国家“十二五”科技支撑计划（2011BA107B01）；山西省科技攻关项目（20100312027-6）；山西省中药材、中药饮片地方标准研究（2011014A）