目的 研究不同醋制工艺对三棱中的总黄酮、总生物碱、有效Al³⁺ 3类药效物质基础提取率及提取比率的影响。方法 采用L₉(3⁴) 正交试验设计，从醋酸质量浓度、醋制比例、醋浸时间、炒制温度4个因素方面，比较不同醋制工艺条件下，醋三棱的80%甲醇浸膏提取率，总黄酮、总生物碱、有效Al³⁺ 提取率与提取比率的差异。结果 与三棱生药相比，使用少量乙酸的醋制工艺提高了醋三棱80%甲醇浸膏提取率，醋炒可以有效提高醋三棱的总黄酮、总生物碱与有效Al³⁺ 的提取率与提取比率，总黄酮的提取率与提取比率受炒制温度影响显著，而总生物碱的提取率与提取比率则受醋酸质量浓度的影响显著。含大量乙酸的醋制工艺可明显降低醋三棱80%甲醇浸膏提取率，但可提高80%甲醇浸膏中总生物碱与有效Al³⁺ 的提取比率。结论 醋制工艺对醋三棱中不同药效物质群的提取率与提取比率有显著影响，将三棱应用于不同适应症时，适宜对症适当改变醋制工艺。

Objective To study the dissolving yield and ratio fluctuation of Sparganii Rhizoma effective composition groups, including total flavonoids, total alkaloid, and active Al³⁺, when processed with different vinegar processing technologies. Methods L₉(3⁴) orthogonal test design was used with acetic acid content (A), vinegar ratio (B), soaking time (C), and frying temperature (D) as influencing factors. The differences of dissolving yield and ratio of 80% methanol extract, total flavonoids, total alkaloid, and active Al³⁺ of processed Sparganii Rhizoma under different vinegar processing technologies were compared. Results Compared with crude Sparganii Rhizoma, the processed products with a little acetic acid had enhanced the dissolving yield of 80% methanol extract. Moreover, the processed Sparganii Rhizoma with vinegar had effectively enhanced the dissolving yield and ratio of total flavonoids, total alkaloid, and active Al³⁺. The dissolving yield and ratio of total flavonoids were greatly impacted by frying temperature. Meanwhile, the alkaloid dissolving yield and ratio were most influenced by acetic acid content. The products processed with abundant acetic acid had obviously reduced the dissolving yield of 80% methanol extract, but had increased the alkaloid and active Al³⁺ dissolving ratio in the extract. Conclusion The processed Sparganii Rhizoma with vinegar could obviously affect the dissolving yield and ratio of different pharmacodynamic compositions in Sparganii Rhizoma. Suitable processed products should be adopted when Sparganii Rhizoma is used in the different treatments.

国家科技支撑计划项目（2008BAI51B02）；国家科技部重大新药创制专项（2012ZX09501001-004，2012ZX09301002-001）；中国博士后科学基金面上项目资助（2012M510360）