目的 研究黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis中的黄酮类成分及其对体外凝血系统的影响。方法 使用反复硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化，并根据其理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构。通过测定黄酮类成分对凝血酶时间（TT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血酶原时间（APTT）、纤维蛋白量（FIB）的影响研究其体外凝血活性。结果 从黄芩的乙醇提取物中分离得到12个黄酮类化合物，分别鉴定为黄芩素（1）、汉黄芩素（2）、千层纸素A（3）、韧黄芩素-I（4）、黄芩黄酮-II（5）、5, 7, 2′, 5′-四羟基-8, 6′-二甲基黄酮（6）、5, 7-二羟基-6-甲氧基二氢黄酮（7）、5-甲氧基-7-羟基二氢黄酮（8）、黄芩苷（9）、汉黄芩素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯（10）、汉黄芩素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸丁酯（11）、木蝴蝶素A-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸丁酯（12）。所有化合物均对FIB没有影响，部分化合物能显著缩短TT、PT，同时能显著延长APTT。结论 化合物11和12为新化合物。黄芩中黄酮类化合物体外对凝血系统有双向调节作用，其对凝血系统的不同作用体现在凝血过程的不同环节。

Objective To study the flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis and investigate their effects on in vitro coagulation system. Methods Flavonoids were extracted by repeated column chromatography and their structures were identified based on physicochemical properties and spectral data. The in vitro coagulation activities of flavonoids were investigated through evaluating thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen (FIB) content. Results Twelve flavonoids were isolated from the ethanol extract of S. baicalensis and identified as baicalein (1), wogonin (2), oroxylin A (3), tenaxin-I (4), skullcapflavone-II (5), 5, 7, 2′, 5′-tetrahydroxy-8, 6′-dimethoxyflavone (6), dihydroroxylin A (7), 5-methoxy-7-hydroxyl- flavonone (8), baicalin (9), wogonin-7-O-β-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester (10), wogonin-7-O-β-D-glucuronic acid butyl ester (11), and oroxylin A-7-O-β-D-glucuronic acid butyl ester (12). All the compounds showed no effect on FIB, and some flavonoids could obviously shorten TT and PT but lengthen APTT at the same time. Conclusion Compounds 11 and 12 are new. Flavonoids in S. baicalensis have bidirectional regulation on in vitro coagulation system. The different effects of flavonoids on coagulation system are observed at different stages in the coagulation process.

国家中医药管理局行业专项（20110700707）