目的 研究鱼香草的种子形态和不同处理对种子萌发的影响，为鱼香草人工栽培种苗培育提供科学依据。方法 测定种子长宽、千粒质量，对种子设置不同温度、不同光质以及不同浓度的赤霉素（GA₃）和KNO₃浸种处理，观察记录种子发芽数，计算发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数。结果 鱼香草种子椭圆形，长（1.77±0.01）mm，宽（1.13±0.01）mm，千粒质量（1 175.5±21.02）mg，吸水量为其风干种子质量的8.8倍；种子发芽最适宜温度为30 ℃；白色光照最有利于种子萌发，全黑暗最不利于种子萌发；GA₃、0.25% KNO₃浸种可显著提高种子发芽率、发芽指数及活力指数。结论 得到鱼香草种子萌发最适宜的处理条件，对鱼香草人工栽培种苗培育具有重要指导作用。

Objective To evaluate the seed morphology of Mentha rotundifolia and the effect of different treatments on seed germination, and to provide a scientific basis for seeding and artificial cultivation of M. rotundifolia. Methods Length and width for seed and weight of one thousand seeds were measured and seed germination percentages were recorded and analyzed statistically, through setting conditions including different culture temperatures, different light qualities, and soaking treatment with different concentration of GA₃/KNO₃. Results The seed morphology in M. rotundifolia is oval with (1.77 ± 0.01) mm of length and (1.13 ± 0.01) mm of width. The weight of one thousand seeds is (1 175.5 ± 21.02) mg and the weight after seed absorbing water is about 8.8 times more than seed dry weight. The optimal temperature is 30 ℃ for seed germination; Seed germination could be affected under different light qualities and full darkness conditions. White light was the most conductive to seed germination, but full darkness was the least conductive. After soaking treatment with GA₃/0.25% KNO₃, not only seed germination percentage could be significantly promoted, but also germination index and vigor index were affected. Conclusion The suitable condition for seed germination in M. rotundifolia is gained through this research, which will provide important guiding reference for seeding and artificial cultivation of M. rotundifolia.

湘西州科委项目（州科字〔2005〕29号）