目的研究《中国药典》2005年版收载蓼科大黄属3种大黄(唐古特大黄、掌叶大黄和药用大黄)的亲缘关系。方法对3种大黄44份样品进行AFLP分析,同时利用NTSYSpc-2.11F软件分析其亲缘关系。结果8对选择性扩增引物中,扩增得到1 255条稳定清晰的条带,其中多态性条带1 209条,多态性带占总带数的96.2%。将44份大黄样品分为2组2个亚组。四川若尔盖唐古特大黄聚为第一组,第二组分为两个亚组,分别为药用大黄和掌叶大黄。另外,大黄的AFLP分子标记谱带显示,3种大黄和不同来源的大黄样品间除了具有共有带外,还有一些特异带,说明种间甚至不同来源的样品间有一定程度的特异性。结论《中国药典》规定的3种正品大黄中,药用大黄和掌叶大黄亲缘关系较唐古特大黄近,表明利用AFLP技术分析3种大黄的亲缘关系可行。

Objective To investigate the genetic relationship of three traditional medicinal rhubarbs(Rheum tanguticum,R.palmatum,and R.officinale.Methods Amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) technology and NTSYSpc-2.11F software were used to study and analyze the affinity between 44 wild or cultivated medicinal rhubarbs from different provenances.Results The 1 255 bands were amplified by polymerase chain reactions with eight screened and reliable primers.Among them 1 209(96.2%) bands showed polymorphic.The 44 different rhubarbs were categorized into two groups by cluster analysis.R.tanguticum belonged to Group Ⅰ,while R.palmatum and R.officinale were clustered to Group Ⅱ.In addition,there were some specific bands among all amplification bands.This result indicated the rhubarbs originated from the different species and provenances had specific DNA bands and may be authenticated according to the characteristics.Conclusion Compared to R.tanguticum,the genetic relationship between R.palmatum and R.offcinale is closer.AFLP Technique is proved to be a very effective method to study the genetic relationships of medicinal rhubarbs.

国家中医药管理局中医药行业科研专项(200707007);中国医药保健品股份有限公司、日本津村与中国医学科学院药用植物研究所合作项目资助