目的通过对峨眉野连种子形态和萌发生理的研究,找到打破种子休眠、提高种子萌发率的最佳条件。方法观察种子外观形态,对峨眉野连种子长宽、千粒质量、含水量、吸水率、生活力和萌发等多项生理指标进行测定,考察不同温度、不同激素质量浓度对种子萌发率的影响。结果TTC（四氮唑）染色法测得的种子的生活力低,仅为56%。空粒和无生活力的种子占44%,表明峨眉野连发育完全的种子较少。种子的吸水实验表明种皮透水性较好,完全吸水时间仅为6h,从而可以判断,种皮不可能是萌发率过低的制约因素。萌发实验显示,4℃是种子较为适宜的萌发温度,发芽率可达到54.43%。5.0 mg/L的GA₃（赤霉素）处理后的萌发率提高最为显著,可达73.48%,但是过高质量浓度（7.5 mg/L）的GA₃则对种子萌发有一定的抑制效应。结论种子生活力较低,且种子休眠,这可能是导致其萌发率低的重要原因。峨眉野连种子在不同温度和不同质量浓度的激素处理下存在着很大的差异,为其人工栽培生产提供了理论依据。

Objective To break the dormancy and improve the germination rate of the seeds of Coptis omeiensis,the morphology and germination characteristics of C.omeiensis seeds were studied.Methods Several physiological indexes, tike the weights per thousand seeds, content of moisture,the rate of water absorption,seed vigor,and different germination rates were measured. The germination rate of C.omeiensis seeds was determined under different temperatures and different concentration of hormone, GA₃ treatment.Results Seed vigor tested by TTC was relatively low(56%),while empty seeds and seeds without vitality could reach 44%,which indicated that there was a limitation in seed development of C.omeiensis.The water absorption experiment proved that the water permeability of seed coat was better, it could achieve complete absorption in ouly 6h.A conclusion could be got that the seed coat was not the limiting factor of low seed germination rate.The experiment of germination showed that 4℃ was the most appropriate temperature for the seed germination with the geimination rate up to 54.43%.The effect of 5.0 mg/L GA₃ on germination was the most significant to stimulate the rate of germination by 73.48%.But it also showed that higher concentration (7.5 mg/I,) could restrain the germination. The most suitable parameters is 4℃and 5.0 mg/L.Conclusion Low seed vigor and seed dormancy may be the main reasons which could cause the low germination rate of C.omeiensis seeds.Significant differences exist in the germination rate of GA₃.omeiensis seeds which are affected by the factor of temperature and hormone. The result of this study provides scientific evidences for growth and cultivation of C. omeiensis seeds.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070080)