目的分析来自江西省樟树、丰城、新干等3个栀子GAP基地的样品在DNA水平上的差异，了解栀子的遗传变异及其相互关系，为栀子育种提供参考。方法采用ISSR分子标记技术结合实地考察。结果10个ISSR引物共扩增出58个位点，其中32个位点为多态位点，多态位点百分率(PPB)值为55。17%。Nei′s遗传多样性指数变化范围在0。005～0。167，Shannon信息指数(I)变化范围在0。008～0。254。居群内变异占总变异的75。12%，居群间变异占总变异的24。88%。用NJ法建立聚类图大体上可以将栀子样品分为两组:第一组由樟树的样品组成，而第二组主要由新干和丰城的样品组成，内含樟树的个别样品。结论来自同一个地方的样品，遗传距离比较近，遗传上比较相似，说明栀子种源基本上来自当地。ISSR分子标记大体上可以将不同地方的栀子分开。产于樟树的栀子遗传多样性最高，可能种源相对比较广。丰城和新干的样品地理距离比较远，但是遗传距离却比较近，可能是各地之间存在相互引种现象。有少数樟树的样品在遗传上更接近丰城或新干的样品，除了种源交流外，在种下水平平行遗传突变也可能导致这种结果。

Objective To evaluate the genetic differences and mutual relationship of Gardenia jasminoides at DNA level among Zhangshu,Fengcheng,and Xingan GAP plantations in Jiangxi Province,so as to provide reference for G.jasminoides breeding.Methods Genetic variations were revealed by inter-simple sequence repeats(ISSR)markers.Results Ten ISSR primers generated 58 loci of which 32 loci were polymorphic.The average percentage of polymorphic bands(PPB)is 55.17%.The range of Nei's genetic diversity is 0.005—0.167,and the range of Shannon information index(Ⅰ)is 0.008—0.254.The variations within populations account for 75.12% and among them for 24.88% of the total.The NJ dendrogram showed two basic clusters.One consists of the samples from Zhangshu,and the other mainly consists of the samples from Xingan and Fengcheng with very few samples from Zhangshu.Conclusion Zhangshu population has the highest genetic diversity,while Fengcheng has the lowest genetic diversity,possibly because of very few samples assayed.The samples from the same population are more similar than those from different populations,indicating that ISSR makers have the power to trace the origin of samples.The geographical distance between Fengcheng and Xingan is farther but the genetic distance between them is shorter.This is quite possibly because of inter-introduction between them,and some exceptions of a few samples from Zhangshu clustered with samples from Fengcheng might be because of parallel mutations which are common below specific level.

江西省财政林业重大专项（2006510105）:“森林中药GAP种植技术研究”