目的通过对苏北中药材种植基地射阳县7个不同栽培类型药用菊花的植物学特征、产量、有效成分的比较,为菊花良种的扩繁和菊花生产提供理论与实践依据。方法用田间小区试验,对红心白菊、长瓣白菊、湖白菊等7个不同栽培类型菊花的植物学特征、产量、有效成分(总黄酮、绿原酸)进行比较和分析。结果种植基地7个栽培类型药用菊花的植物学特征存在较大差异,单株头状花序(即花头数)数量是影响菊花产量的首要因素,产量以红心白菊最高,总黄酮和绿原酸的量均以长瓣白菊最高。结论经综合评价分析,苏北中药材种植基地菊花生产以红心白菊和长瓣白菊为首选,其次为湖白菊和黄菊花。

Objective To compare the botanical characters, yield, and active components in flowers of seven various cultivars from Chrysanthemum morifolium in planting base in Sheyang County, Northern Jiangsu Province and provide the theoretical and practical basis for plangting and expanding reproduction of improved cultivars of C. morifolium. Methods Based on the field experiment, comparison, and analysis of the botanical characters, yield, and active components (total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid) in flowers of the seven cultivars from C. morifolium, such as “Hongxinbaiju”, “Changbanbaiju”, and “Hubaiju” etc. Results The botanical characters of flowers are vary different among the seven cultivars from medicinal C. morifolium in the planting base; the amount of single capitulum is the main factor influencing on the yield of C. morifolium, the yield of “Hongxinbaiju” is the highest; the contents of total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid of “Changbanbaiju” are the highest in the seven cultivars. Conclusion From all the aspects, in the planting base of Northern Jiangsu Province, “Hongxinbaiju” and “Changbanbaiju” can be extended as major cultivars with good characters of superior quality and high yield, “Hubaiju” and “Huangjuhua” also can be cultivated at present.

江苏省高技术研究项目(BC2005318);江苏省科技攻关项目(BE2002310)