目的研究灵芝孢子粉多糖的组成、相对分子质量及相对分子质量分布,比较破壁与不破壁灵芝孢子粉多糖的异同。方法用不同提取方法提取灵芝孢子粉多糖,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析灵芝孢子粉多糖的单糖组成,用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析灵芝孢子粉多糖的相对分子质量及其分布。结果不同提取方法所得灵芝孢子粉多糖的得率不同,破壁后灵芝孢子粉含的多糖是不破壁的1.7倍;灵芝孢子粉多糖是由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖组成的杂多糖,破壁与不破壁的多糖组成完全相同,其相对质量分数略有区别;破壁灵芝孢子粉多糖的GPC有两个多糖峰,相对分子质量分别为7.80×10⁴和1.17×10⁴,而不破壁灵芝孢子粉多糖只有相对分子质量为7.80×10⁴的一个峰。结论破壁与不破壁孢子粉多糖的单糖组成相同,但破壁灵芝孢子粉多糖较不破壁孢子粉的多糖高出70%,增加部分为相对分子质量较小的多糖。这可以解释破壁灵芝孢子粉的功效好于不破壁灵芝孢子粉的原因。

Objective To study the consists of polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum spore, its relative molecular weight (MW), and the distribution of the relative MW, then to compare the broken cellular wall spore with unbroken one in their physical and chemical properties. Methods The polysaccharides were extracted by different methods, the monosaccharide compositions in the polysaccharide from G. lucidum were determined by HPLC and GC-MS; the relative MW and its distribution of the polysaccharide were examined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Results The amount of the polysaccharide of broken spore is 1.7 times of unbroken one; both polysaccharide of broken and unbroken spore consist of rhamnose, alabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose, there is a little difference in their relative contents; the polysaccharide of unbroken spore has only one GPC peak, its MW was 7.80×10⁴, and the broken one has two GPC peaks, their MW were 7.8×10⁴, and 1.17×10⁴, respectively. Conclusion There are same composition and different MW between the broken and unbroken spore polysaccharides. The broken spore polysaccharide has smaller MW than that of the unbroken one, it can be used to explain why the broken spore has better curative effect than the unbroken one.

广州市重点科技攻关资助项目(NO2000J01001)