目的 以八味地黄汤为研究对象,考察各药味对附子生物碱的影响规律,揭示附子配伍组方的科学内涵,为科学阐释八味地黄汤配伍规律提供化学依据.方法 利用电喷雾质谱技术分别对八味地黄汤,附子加山茱萸、山药、肉桂、丹皮、泽泻、地黄、茯苓共煎液以及次乌头碱加山茱萸、山药共煎液进行系统考察.结果 次乌头碱加山药、山茱萸,附子加山药等共煎液中次乌头碱含量较高;八味地黄汤、附子加山茱萸共煎液中次乌头碱含量较低;肉桂、丹皮、泽泻、地黄、茯苓等对附子生物碱的影响不明显.结论 八味地黄汤中乌头碱和中乌头碱水解和溶出比较完全,次乌头碱的含量较少,次乌头碱的减少是由于水解以及溶出受到抑制导致.其中山茱萸对制附子起减毒作用,其减毒机制主要是抑制了制附子中次乌头碱的溶出.而山药则能导致附子毒性增加.

Objective To explore the roles of various ingredients used in the preparation of Bawei Dihuang Decoction(BDD)for the purpose to enlighten the scientific basis in the research and development of BDD in traditional Chinese medical practiceMethods BDD was prepared by decocting a prescription containing Cortex cinnamomi(CC),Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata(RALP),Radix Rehmanniae(RR),Fructus Corni(FC),Rhizoma Dioscoreae(RD),Cortex Moutan(CM),Rhizoma Alismatis(RA),and Poria with boiling water.Similarly,a 1：1 mixture of RALP with each of the above mentioned ingredients and of hypaconitine with FC and RD.individually was prepared to obtain test samples for ESI-MS studyResults The hypaconitine in the codecoction of hypaconitine+RD,+FC,RALP+RD was higher;in BDD and codecoction of RALP+FC was lower;while CC,CM,RA,and Poria showed indistinct effect on RALP alkaloidsConclusion Hydrolysis and dissolution of aconitine and mesaconitine were relatively complete in BDD.Because of hydrolysis and dissolution being inhibited during codecoction,the amount of hypaconitine in BDD iS little.FC in BDD can make RALP toxicity decrease by inhibiting hypaconitine dissolution from RALP.while RD can make the RALP toxicity increase.

国家科技重大基础研究前期研究专项资助项目(2003CCA03100);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30271600,39930210)