目的 研究枇杷叶抗炎和止咳作用的有效成分,为制定枇杷叶的质量标准提供科学可靠的实验依据。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀法、二氧化硫引起小鼠咳嗽和枸橼酸喷雾致豚鼠咳嗽模型,观察枇杷叶不同分离部分及单体成分的抗炎及止咳作用。结果 P2和 P3部分对小鼠耳肿胀法所致的炎症具有较好的对抗作用,且 P2部分具有明显的止咳作用。P2部分中的枇杷苷,P3部分中的总三萜酸和熊果酸均具有良好的抗炎、止咳效果。结论 枇杷苷 、熊果酸和总三萜酸是枇杷叶抗炎、止咳作用的主要成分,可作为制定枇杷叶质量标准的定量指标。

Object To research the active components from leaves of Eriobotrya japonica Thunb. on anti inflammatory and antitussive effect for controlling its quality. Methods Inflammatory model induced by dimethyl benzene of ear edema in mice; tussive models induced by SO 2 in mice, and cough model induced by citric acid in guinea pigs were used to observe the anti inflammatory and antitussive effects of different part from the leaves of E. japonica. Results Five fractions from raw materials of E. japonica were tested on anti inflammatory and antitussive effects with mice and guinea pigs. The Results showed that the ear edema induced by dimethyl benzene could be obviously reduced when ig P2 and P3 105 mg/kg in mice; The EJA (eriobotroside Ⅰ) isolated from P2, EJB (ursolic acid) and EJC (total triterpenic acid) isolated from P3 were main components on anti inflammatory effect. P2 and P3 75 mg/kg could reduce the episodes of cough and prolong the latency of cough induced in mice by SO 2. After 1 h ig P2 105 mg/kg showed the relief effects to cough induced by citric acid in guinea pigs, and further experimental Results also showed the EJA, EJB, and EJC are antagonist components to cough. Conclusion The EJA, EJB, and EJC isolated from the leaves of E. japonica are main anti inflammatory and antitussive components. The present experimental Results firstly provide strong evidence to control quality of E. japonica.

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