亚胺培南是一种碳青霉烯类抗生素，在临床上和西司他丁组成复方制剂，用于多重耐药和重症感染的治疗。肾毒性是亚胺培南的常见不良反应，在儿童和老年等肾功不全群体中，应用亚胺培南导致肾脏毒性的风险更大。西司他丁具有肾保护活性，可降低顺铂、万古霉素、环孢素A等药物的肾毒性。本文对近年来亚胺培南肾毒性和西司他丁肾保护作用的研究进展进行综述，从基础研究和临床应用的角度，揭示亚胺培南和西司他丁在肾脏产生不同效应的可能机制，为亚胺培南和西司他丁的临床安全合理应用提供理论基础和科学建议。

Imipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic with a broad antimicrobial activity. Imipenem is prescribed with Cilastatin together to treat mixed and serious infections. Nephrotoxicity is a common adverse effect in Imipenem treated patients, especially in pediatric and aging patients with impaired renal function. Cilastatin is a potential therapeutic agent to protect against nephrotoxicity induced by vancomycin, cisplatin, and cyclosporin A. In present study, preclinical studies and clinical observations of Imipenem nephrotoxicity and renal protection of Cilastatin were reviewed to explore the effects and mechanisms of Imipenem and Cilastatin on kidney and provide scientific advices for the safe and rational clinical application of Imipenem and Cilastatin.

国家自然科学基金项目（81874324）