目的 研究沉香醇提物对大鼠气滞血瘀心肌缺血损伤的保护作用及机制。方法 大鼠随机分成6组：对照组、模型组、野生沉香醇提物（2.84 g/kg）组和通体沉香醇提物低、中、高剂量（0.71、1.42、2.84 g/kg）组，每天1次，连续ig给药7 d，对照组和模型组ig等体积蒸馏水。除对照组外，采用sc异丙肾上腺素（ISO）联合冰水浸泡诱导大鼠气滞血瘀心肌缺血模型，检测生化指标全血黏度（WBV）、血浆比黏度（PSV），血清中肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）活性；观察心电图及心肌病理损伤情况；检测血浆中脂质过氧化物（LPO）、过氧化氢（H₂O₂）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的水平；酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测血清中细胞因子5-羟色胺（5-HT）、内皮素（ET）、血栓烷素B2（TXB₂）及前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）的分泌水平。结果 与模型组比较，通体沉香醇提物各剂量组均能显著降低WBV和PSV，改善心电图的异常，显著降低心电图ST段的抬高（P<0.05、0.01）；中、高剂量组显著降低血清中心肌酶CK、LDH、ALT和AST活性（P<0.05、0.01、0.001）；各剂量组明显减轻心肌组织的病理损伤程度；高、中剂量组均显著降低LPO和H₂O₂水平，升高T-AOC和SOD水平（P<0.05、0.01、0.001）；高剂量组显著降低5-HT水平，各剂量组均显著降低ET、TXB₂和PEG₂水平（P<0.05、0.01、0.001）。同等剂量下通体沉香醇提物与野生沉香醇提物作用相当。结论 通体沉香醇提物对大鼠气滞血瘀心肌缺血有保护作用，其作用机制与抗氧化、改善血管微循环、调节内皮细胞生长及调节细胞因子的分泌有关。

Objective To investigate the cardioprotective effect and its mechanism of agarwood alcohol extract on qi stagnation blood stasis myocardial ischemia injury in rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into six groups:control group, model group, wild agarwood ethanol extract (2.84 g/kg) group and low, medium and high dose (0.71, 1.42, 2.84 g/kg) groups of agarwood alcohol extract produced by whole-tree agarwood-inducing technique (WTAAE). Rats were ig administrated corresponding drug once a day for 7 d. Rats in control and model group were ig administrated with distilled water of equal volume. Myocardial ischemia injury rat model was established by injecting with isoproterenol (ISO) and stimulated with ice water. The whole blood and plasma specific viscosity (WBV and PSV) were measured by viscometer. The activities of creatine kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in serum. Electrocardiograph (ECG) and myocardial pathological injury were observed. The plasma levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) were measured. The secreted levels of 5-hydroxyptamine (5-HT), endothelin (ET), thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with model group, WTAAE could significantly reduce WBV and PSV, improve ECG abnormalities, and significantly reduce ST segment elevation (P<0.05, 0.01); The activities of serum myosin CK, LDH, ALT and AST were significantly decreased in the middle and high dose groups (P<0.05, 0.01 and 0.001); The pathological damage degree of myocardium was significantly reduced in each dose group; LPO and H₂O₂ levels were significantly decreased in the middle and high dose group, and T-AOC and SOD levels were increased (P<0.05, 0.01 and 0.001); 5-HT levels were significantly decreased in the high dose group, and ET, TXB₂ and PEG₂ levels were significantly decreased in each dose group (P<0.05, 0.01 and 0.001). At the same dosage, WTAAE had the same effect as that of wild agarwood. Conclusion WTAAE shows a significantly protective effect on myocardial ischemia in rats, and its mechanism is related to the antioxidant activity, regulation of vascular microcirculation, endothelial growth and cytokines secretion.

海南省自然科学基金（817290）；海南省重大科技计划项目（ZDKJ2016004）；海南省自然科学基金（217291）