目的 研究丙种球蛋白联合阿糖腺苷对小儿病毒性脑炎患者血清丙二醛及超氧化物歧化酶水平的影响。方法 选择2014年1月-2017年12月崇州市妇幼保健院的102例小儿病毒性脑炎患者，随机分为两组。对照组静脉滴注阿糖腺苷，每次7 mg，每天1次；观察组联合静脉注射丙种球蛋白，每天1 g/kg，均治疗5 d，对比两组疗效。结果 观察组的总有效率为92.16%，明显高于对照组的76.47%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组的呕吐消失时间、退热时间、头痛消失时间、意识清醒时间以及惊厥消失时间均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者的CD8⁺、CD4⁺、CD3⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺等细胞免疫功能指标均较治疗前显著升高（P<0.05）；且观察组CD3⁺、CD4⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者的血清丙二醛水平均显著降低，超氧化物歧化酶水平均显著升高（P<0.05）；且观察组显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 丙种球蛋白联合阿糖腺苷可以显著改善小儿病毒性脑炎的症状，增强免疫功能，改善血清丙二醛及超氧化物歧化酶水平，减轻氧化应激反应，值得临床推荐。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of gamma globulin combined with adenosine on serum malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels in children with viral encephalitis. Methods Selected 102 cases of children with viral encephalitis who were treated in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2017, divided into two groups randomly. The control group was intravenously injected with aradenosine, and the observation group was given intravenous immunoglobulin. Compare the efficacy of the two groups. Results The all effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). The vomiting time, fever time, headache disappearance time, consciousness recovery time and convulsion disappear time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD4⁺/CD8⁺, CD8⁺, CD3⁺ and CD4⁺in two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the CD3⁺ and CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in observation groups were more significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The serum malondialdehyde decreased significantly, superoxide dismutase levels were significantly increased, and the observation group was more significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of gamma globulin and adenosine can significantly improve the symptoms of viral encephalitis in children, enhance the immune function, improve the level of serum malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase, and alleviate the oxidative stress.