目的 考察川芎嗪联合阿奇霉素对红霉素耐药性大叶肺炎患儿的疗效及细胞因子的影响。方法 选择180例红霉素耐药大叶性肺炎患儿为研究对象，随机分为阿奇霉素组和联合组，每组90例。阿奇霉素组给予静脉滴注10 mg/kg的注射用阿奇霉素，连用3～5 d，患儿体温恢复，且外周血白细胞恢复后，给予口服10 mg/kg的阿奇霉素干混悬剂，1次/d，连续治疗10 d。联合组在此基础上给予静脉滴注40 mg的盐酸川芎嗪注射液，1次/d，连续治疗10 d。观察比较两组的疗效、免疫球蛋白水平及炎性因子水平。结果 治疗后，阿基霉素组的有效率为77.78%，联合组为87.78%，两组有效率有显著差异（P<0.05）。治疗前，两组患儿CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均无显著差异；治疗后，两组患儿CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均显著升高，CD8⁺水平显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；其中联合组患儿CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均显著高于对照组，CD8⁺水平显著低于对照组，组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗前，两组患儿IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平均无显著性差异；治疗后，两组患者IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；其中联合组显著低于对照组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 川芎嗪联合阿奇霉素对红霉素耐药大叶肺炎患儿有较好的疗效，其治疗作用的发挥与调节机体免疫环境有关，能增加免疫力，减轻炎症反应，从而促进患儿的康复。

Objective To investigate the curative effect and cytokines of azithromycin and ligustrazine on children with erythromycinresistant lobar pneumonia.Methods 180 cases of children with erythromycin-resistant lobar pneumonia were selected as the research object and randomly divided into azithromycin group and combination group, 90 cases in each group. Azithromycin group given azithromycin, the combination group was given ligustrazine treatment on the basis of Azithromycin group. The curative effect, immunoglobulin level and inflammatory factor level were observed and compared between the two groups.Results After treatment, the effective rate of the acyclovir group was 77.78%, and that in the combined group was 87.78%. The effective rates between the two groups were significantly different (P<0.05). The levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in both groups were significantly improved, and the improvement in the combination group was higher (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in both groups were significantly decreased, especially in the combination group (P<0.05).Conclusions Azithromycin combined with Ligustrazine in children with erythromycin-resistant lobar pneumonia has better curative effect, and its therapeutic effect is related to the regulation of immune environment, which can increase the immunity and reduce the inflammatory reaction so as to promote the rehabilitation of children.