目的 对比吉非替尼、厄洛替尼靶向抗肿瘤药物治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效与毒副反应情况，提出医院质控监控措施。方法 采用随机、对照与抽样方法，选择2013年8月—2016年3月在汉中市中心医院诊治的晚期NSCLC患者56例作为研究对象，根据患者及家属意愿分为观察组与对照组各28例，两组都给予PC方案（紫杉醇+卡铂）进行化疗，对照组给予吉非替尼进行辅助治疗，观察组给予厄洛替尼进行辅助治疗，两组都治疗观察4周。结果 观察组与对照组的总有效率分别为75.0%和71.4%，都超过了70%，对比无显著差异。观察组治疗期间的白细胞减少、血小板降低、恶心呕吐、腹泻、肝肾损害等毒副反应发生情况与对照组对比无显著差异，多数为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级，均可耐受。随访至今，观察组和对照组的总生存时间与无瘤生存时间都超过了15个月，对比无显著差异。结论 吉非替尼、厄洛替尼靶向抗肿瘤药物治疗晚期NSCLC都有很好的疗效，能延长患者的生存时间，但是存在一定的毒副反应，要积极加强医院质控监控。

Objective To compare the effects and adverse reaction of gefitinib and erlotinib target anticancer drugs in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), put forward the hospital quality monitoring ways. Methods Used a randomized, controlled and sampling method, From August 2013 to March 2016, 56 cases of patients with advanced NSCLC in our hospital were selected as the research object, all the cases were divided into experimental group and control group of 28 cases in each group accorded to the wishes of patients and their families. Two groups were treated with PC chemotherapy, the control group was received gefitinib adjuvant therapy, the observation group was received erlotinib adjuvant therapy, two groups were treated for 4 weeks. Results The total effective rates in the experimental group and the control group were 75% and 71.4% respectively, all over 70%, there was no significant difference compared between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions such as white blood cell reduction, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, liver and kidney damage in the experimental group compared with the control group, and there were most of them were grade I - Ⅱ, which could be tolerated. Up to now, Test showed that the total survival time and disease-free survival time in the experimental group were more than 15 months, and there was no significant difference compared between the two groups.Conclusions Gefitinib and erlotinib target antitumor drugs in the treatment of advanced NSCLC have good curative effect, they can prolong the survival time of the patients, but there are certain adverse reactions that should actively strengthen hospital quality monitoring.